呼吸机相关性肺炎的临床分析

目的:研究呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的发病率、病死率、危险因素及病原菌分布,探讨预防措施。方法:对65例机械通气患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:本组VAP的发生率为43.08%,病死率为46.43%。VAP的发生与年龄、机械通气时间、鼻饲、抑酸剂及抗生素的应用有关。共检出病原菌54株,其中革兰阴性菌45株,占83.33%,前三位致病菌依次为铜绿假单胞菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和木糖氧化产碱杆菌;革兰阳性菌4株,占7.41%;真菌5株,占9.26%。结论:危险因素的存在与VAP的发生密切相关。主要致病菌为铜绿假单胞菌和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌。

Ventilator-associated Pneumonia: 65 Cases Report

Objective: To study the morbility,mortality,risk factors and pathogen of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) for the decision of the prevention strategies.Methods: The clinical data of 65 patients received mechanical ventilation were retrospectively analyzed.Results: The morbidity and mortality of VAP were 43.08% and 46.43%.Age,period of mechanical ventilator,nasogastric feeding,use of antiacid and antibiotics were related to the development with VAP.Fifty-four strains of pathogens were isolated from 28 cases with VAP,the percentages of Gram-negative bacilli,Gram-positive cocci and fungi were 83.33%,7.41% and 9.26% respectively.Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Achromobacter xylosoxidans were the most common pathogens.Conclusion: The presence of risk factors is correlated with VAP.The main pathogens are Pseudomonas aeruginosa and X.Maltophilia.