21年糖尿病合并妊娠88例母儿结局的临床分析

目的：研究糖尿病患者孕期血糖控制对妊娠结局的影响。方法：回顾性分析1981－2001年间88例糖尿病孕妇孕期血糖水平与妊娠结局的关系。88例患者中2例行中期引产，1例行人工流产，将其余85例分为两组：孕期血糖控制满意者42例（A组），血糖控制不满意或未控制者43例（B组）。结果：B组胎死宫内5例，其中3例发生在围产期，A组无一例发生胎死宫内（P值为0．069）。B组妊高征及早产发生率分别为44．2％和30．2％，显著高于A组的21．4％和9．2％（P值分别为0．026和0．017）；B组新生儿窒息发生率为24．4％，显著高于A组的4．8％（P值为0．011）；新生儿畸形9例（10．2％）。结论：加强糖尿病患者孕前及孕期血糖控制和监测，可明显地减少孕产妇合并症、围产儿病率及死亡率，改善母儿结局。

Clinical Analysis of Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Pregnancy with Overt Diabetes during 21 years

Objective To study the maternal and fetal outcome in pregnancy with overt diabetes. Methods Retrospective study was made on 88 pregnancies with overt diabetes from 1981 to 2001 in department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, first teaching hospital, Beijing university to study the maternal and fetal outcome in pregnancy with overt diabetes and its relationship with the level of blood glucose. One case with artificial abortion and 2 cases with metaphase induced labor were rejeceted from the 88 cases, we devided the other 85 cases into two groups. Group A with well controlled glucose had 42 cases; group B without well controlled glucose had 43 cases. Results In this study, we found 5 cases of fetal death in group B, 3 of them were perinatal death. Nine cases of newborn malformation were all found in those people without well controlled glucose in early pregnancy, the incidence of newborn malformation was 10.2%. The rate of asphyxia of newborn in group B (24.4%) is significant higher than in group A (4.8%) ( P =0.011). The rate of pregnancy induced hypertension in group B (44.2%) is significantly higher than that in group A (21.4%) ( P = 0.026). The rate of premature labor in group B (30.2%) is significantly higher than that in group A (9.2%) ( P =0.017). Conclusions Maternal blood glucose with ideal control throughout pregnancy may reduce the maternal complications and perinatal morbidity and mortality in pregnancy with overt diabetes.