不同口腔干预运动在早产儿经口喂养中的临床研究

目的探讨不同口腔干预运动在早产儿经口喂养中的临床应用效果。方法选取2018年3月至2019年3月入住我院NICU的早产儿作为研究对象,随机分为观察一组43例、观察二组42例和对照组42例,观察一组采用15 min Fucile法口腔按摩联合非营养性吸吮的方法;观察二组采用5 min Lessen法口腔按摩联合非营养性吸吮的方法;对照组给予常规喂养护理及非营养性吸吮。观察比较三组患儿的喂养表现(喂养成效、摄入奶量比)、喂养进程(开始喂养时胎龄、完全经口喂养时胎龄、从干预到全经口喂养所需的时间)及体重增长情况(开始干预时体质量、完全经口喂养时体质量、出院时体质量)等。结果观察一组、观察二组喂养成效、摄入奶量优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察一组、观察二组完全经口喂养时胎龄及从干预到全经口喂养所需的时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);观察一组、观察二组在完全经口喂养时体质量均大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察一组、观察二组与对照组早产儿呕吐发生率、感染发生率、血氧饱和度<85%发生率,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论Fucile法及Lessen法两种口腔干预方法均能有效提高早产儿吸吮技能,临床效果相当,但Lessen法操作简单,耗时少,更适合极低出生体重儿的临床应用。

Clinical study of applying different oral intervention exercises for oral feeding of premature infants

Objective To explore the clinical application effect of different oral intervention exercises for oral feeding of premature infants.Methods To select premature infants who were admitted to our hospital’s NICU from March 2018 to March 2019 as the study objects.They were randomly divided into an observation group 1 of 43 cases,an observation group 2 of 42 cases and a control group of 42 cases.The observe one group 1 used 15 min Fucile oral massage combined with non-nutritive sucking,the observe group 2 used 5 min Lessen oral massage with non-nutritive sucking,and the control group was given conventional feeding nursing and non-nutritive sucking.The feeding performance(feeding effect,milk intake),feeding process(gestational age at the beginning of feeding,gestational age at full oral feeding,time required from intervention to full oral feeding)and situation of weight gain(body masses at the beginning of intervention,body weight when completely oral feeding,body weight when discharged)were observed and compared among three groups.Results The feeding effect and milk intake in the observation group 1 and the observation group 2 were better than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The gestational age at full oral feeding and time required from intervention to full oral feeding in the observation group 1 and the observation group 2 were shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).The body masses when completely oral feeding in the observation group 1 and the observation group 2 were more than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of vomiting,incidence rate of infection,and incidence rate of oxygen saturation<85%in premature infants in observation group 1,observation group 2,and control group(P>0.05).Conclusion Both Fucille method and Lessen method could effectively improve the sucking skills of premature infants,and the clinical effect was equivalent.However,Lessen method was simple to operate and takes less time,which was more suitable for clinical application of very low birth weight infants.