人乳头瘤病毒基因分型芯片的建立及其在临床中的应用

目的 建立一种适合于临床应用的人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）基因分型检测新方法,并通过对宫颈分泌物标本检测,验证HPV基因分型检测新方法的临床使用效果.方法 利用HPV保守的L1区设计各型PCR扩增通用引物,根据GenBank中HPV的型特异性序列设计、合成分型探针,制备可对16、18、31、33、35、39、45、51、52、53、56、58、59、66和68型15种高危型和6、11和42型3种低危型HPV进行联合分型检测的膜芯片.通过对100例宫颈炎患者宫颈分泌物标本进行检测,以了解临床使用效果;对阳性标本进行测序以验证分型的准确性;对标准品进行测定以检测其灵敏度.结果 在100例临床样品中发现HPV感染病例30例,其中包括高危型中的HPV16、18、33、45、51、58和66,以及低危型中的HPV6、11和42,既有单一型感染也有混合型感染.灵敏度经标准品验证可达10个拷贝的HPV DNA分子.对单一类型感染基因测序分型证实,所建立的HPV基因芯片分型结果与测序结果完全一致.结论 利用PCR-膜芯片技术建立的HPV基因分型诊断方法可以简便、有效地检出所有已知的高危型和低危型HPV,并能明确其基因类型,适用于临床HPV感染的实验室诊断与流行病学研究.

The development and clinical application of papillomavirus genotyping by DNA chip

Objective To develop a new platform for genotyping human papillomavirus(HPV) and to investigate its effect in clinical application. Methods A pair of common primers of 18 HPV subtypes for PCR, was designed in HPV conservative L1 region. Genotyping probes for detecting 15 high-risk HPV subtypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68, together with 3 low-risk HPV 6, 11 and 42 were selected respectively from Genbank and fixed on membrane to make DNA chip. PCR amplification and DNA chip technology were optimized. 100 clinical samples were used to investigate the effect of HPV genotyping DNA chip. Veracity of the genotyping results was verified by sequencing. Results From the 100 clinical samples, 30 were found to be HPV positive, including high-risk HPV subtypes 16, 18, 33, 45, 51, 58, and 66, and low-risk HPV 6, 11 and 42. The sensitivity tested by standard samples was up to 10 copies of HPV DNA. Conclusion The HPV genotyping system developed here with DNA chip showed high sensitivity and specificity, suitable to be applied in clinical practice for HPV diagnosis and investigation on the prevalence of HPV sub-types.