阿片类与苯丙胺类毒品依赖者心理行为特征的多层次比较

目的通过问卷调查比较阿片类及苯丙胺类毒品依赖者的心理行为特点，为苯丙胺类毒品滥用者的心理康复提供科学依据。方法采用自编一般情况调查表、90项症状清单、艾森克人格问卷对616例强制戒毒人员进行调查。结果两组在年龄、性别及婚姻状况方面差异有统计学意义；药物滥用史方面，两组的差异表现在戒毒次数及自感健康状况；SCL-90测试结果显示，阿片类毒品滥用者躯体化因子及阳性项目数均高于苯丙胺类毒品滥用者；EPQ结果显示，两者仅在内外向差异有统计学意义。结论与阿片类毒品依赖者相比苯丙胺类毒品依赖者呈现年轻、未婚、个性外倾及心理健康水平较好的特点，提示心理康复训练应区别对待两类吸毒人群。

Comparative study on psychological and behavioral characteristics between opiate and ats abusers

Objective To study psychological and behavioral characteristics between opiate and amphetam inetype stimulants addicts by questionnaires for providing scientific data for appropriate treatment of such drug abusers. Methods 616 cases drug addicts under compulsory treatment were chosen for the study.They were asked to complete the general questionnaire,SCL-90,EPQ. Results On the demographic the characteristics,differences of age,gender and mari- tal status were significant.On the history of drug abuse,there were different in the number of drug treatment and per- ceived health status between the two groups.The somatization factor score and positive projects of SCL-90 in opiate abuses were higher than the amphetam inetype stimulants abusers.There were significant differences in extraversion-in- troversion between opiate and amphetam inetype stimulants addicts. Conclusion Compared with the opiate abusers,the ATS abusers are younger and mainly unmarried,extroverts and have higher level of psychological health,which indicates that we should take different treatment for opiate and ATS addicts during mental rehabilitation training.