获得性长QT综合征的心电图分析

目的探讨获得性QT间期延长（LQTS）伴尖端扭转型室速（TdP）的心电图特征、相关病因及诱因。方法选取获得性LQTS伴Tdp发作住院患者19例,观察其QT、QTc间期和TdP发作特征。结果 19例患者QTc间期变动在0.49-0.87s（平均0.63±0.09s）,伴随T波电交替4例,Niagara瀑布样T波3例,Tdp触发方式和发作时间不同。相关诱因和病因包括电解质紊乱8例,缓慢性心律失常7例,药物过量4例。15例患者抢救成功,4例发生院内死亡。结论 LQTs伴Tdp起病急骤,院内死亡率高,了解其心电图特点、相关诱因及其危险因素,及时防范,对于减少院内心脏恶性事件的发生意义重大。

ECG analysis in patients with acquired long QT syndrome

Objective To investigate electrocardiogram （ECG） characteristics relevant causes and triggers of Torsade de pointes （TdP） with acquired QT prolongation （LQTS）. Methods chose 19 patients with Tdp and acquired LQTs in hospital, to observe their QT, QTc and characteristics of Tdp. Results The QTc interval of 19 patients ranged from 0.49 to 0.87s （0.63 _＋ 0.09s）. Four cases of them with T wave alternation, 3 cases show Niaggara waterfall T wave. The trigger model and attack time are different. Relevant causes and triggers contain electrolyte disorder in 8 patients, brady arrhythmia in 7 patients, drug overdose in 4 patients. 15 patients are rescued successfully, 4 patients died in hospital. Conclusions LQTS associated Tdp happen quickly, and the hospital mortality is high, The investigation about the ECG characteristics, relevant triggers and risk factors is very important to reduce cardiac malignant events in hospital.