线粒体DNA突变与衰老相关性

线粒体是细胞质中重要的细胞器之一,普遍存在于除哺乳动物成熟红细胞以外的所有真核细胞中.它是生物氧化和能量转换的主要场所,以氧化磷酸化（OXPHOS）方式将食物内蕴藏的能量转变为可被机体直接利用的ATP高能磷酸键.细胞生命活动所需能量的80%来源于线粒体,因此线粒体在细胞的生长代谢和人类的遗传中都有重要的作用.1949年,Rphrussi等首先发现线粒体中含有DNA;1963～1964年,证实线粒体中存在着DNA;1981年,Anderson等完成了人类mtDNA全长核苷酸序列的测定,由此mtDNA作为一种结构相对简单而精致的真核生物基因组,引起了学者们浓厚的兴趣.

Line plastochondria DNA sudden change and senile relevant

The line plastochondria is in the cytoplasm one of important cell organs,exists generally in besides in mammal mature red blood cell all really nuclear cells. It is the biological oxidation and the energy conversion main place,take oxidizes the phosphorylation （OXPHOS） way the energy conversion which contains food in as to be possible by organism direct use ATP high energy phosphoric acid key. The cell vital activity needs the energy 80 % to originate from the line plastochondria, therefore the line plastochondria all has the vital role in cell growth metabolism and in humanity＇s heredity. In 1949,Rphrussi and so on first discovered in the line plastochondria includes DNA; 1963-1964 years, prove in the solid line plastochondria to have DNA; In 1981, Anderson and so on has completed the human mtDNA span nucleotide sequence determination,from this mtDNA took one kind of structure is relatively simple and the fine really nuclear biological genome team,has aroused the scholar strong interest.