抑郁症病人的情绪调节习惯与人格特质

目的:探讨抑郁症病人的情绪、情绪调节方式和人格特质特点及其对抑郁严重程度的影响。方法:对90名抑郁症患者及与之匹配的90名正常对照组进行测评,测评工具包括日常情绪问卷、情绪调节方式问卷、流调中心用抑郁量表、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版。结果:(1)与正常对照组相比,抑郁症患者表现出更多的抑郁;(2)在日常情绪上抑郁症组有较多的悲伤、内疚和内向敌意,较少的兴趣、快乐;(3)在情绪调节习惯上抑郁症组对正情绪有较多的忽视,较少的重视和宣泄,对负情绪有较多的重视和宣泄;(4)在人格特质上抑郁症组有更强的神经质和内倾;(5)回归分析表明,在情绪调节方式上正情绪的忽视、重视、宣泄,负情绪的重视、宣泄对抑郁程度有显著的预测作用;在人格特质上,神经质对正情绪的宣泄,负情绪的重视、抑制有显著预测作用;外倾对正情绪的重视、宣泄有显著的预测作用。结论:人格特质-尤其是内外倾和神经质-可能通过一些不良的情绪调节习惯(对负情绪重视和宣泄,对正情绪忽视)导致更多的负情绪,更少的正情绪。人格因素与不良情绪调节习惯因素的共同作用,可能是导致情绪障碍的重要机制,对抑郁严重程度有显著影响。

Emotion regulation and personality trait of Depression

Objective:To examine the relation of emotion、emotion regulation 、personality and depression degree in depression.Methods:90 patients with depression and 90 normal control group completed DES-IV(discrete emotion scale),Scale of Emotion Regulation(self-made) 、 CES-D and EPQ-RSC.Results:(1) In comparison with the control group,the depression group showed more depression;(2) In daily emotion,the depression group showed more sadness、guilt and inward hostility,less interests and joy;(3) In emotion regulation habits,the depression group neglected positive emotion and less attention and catharsis to positive emotion,more attention and catharsis of negative emotions;(4)In personality trait,the depression group showed more neuroticism and introversion(5)Regression analysis showed,In emotion regulation,neglect、attention and catharsis of positive emotion,attention and catharsis of negative emotion can significantly predict the degree of depression;In personality trait,Neuroticism can significantly predict the catharsis and attention of negative emotion.Extroversion and introversion can help to predict the attention and catharsis of positive emotion.Conclusions: The study showed that personality trait-particularly in extroversion and neuroticism-perhaps led to more negative emotions,fewer positive emotions through some bad habits of emotion regulation(attention and catharsis of negative emotion,neglect of positive emotion).The combined action of personality factor and the regulation habit was a main reason for aggravating depression and causing emotional disorders.