卫生资源优化配置研究

该文应用卫生服务供需平衡法探讨卫生资源优化配置问题。卫生服务投入对卫生服务产出的影响可划分为两级，一是投入对利用的影响，二是投入对效果的影响。把投入、利用和效果的指标作为供需指标，如卫生服务利用指标有：居民年均就诊人次、计划免疫接种率、食品卫生监督监测覆盖率、卫生水普及率；卫生服务投入指标有：每千人口医生数、每千人口医院床位数、卫生总费用占GDP比例、卫生事业费占财政支出比例；卫生服务效果指标有：计划免疫目标疾病报告发病率、传染病发病率、婴儿死亡率、平均期望寿命。通过多元线性回归模型和重权模型计算结果提示需要加强卫生服务投入，尤其是加大财力投入。

Study on optimizing distribution of health resources

This paper explores the optimizing distribution of health resources based on balance method of health care supply and need. Impact of health care input on health care output can be divided into two grades, one is the impact of input on output, the otheris the impact of input on effectiveness. Input, utilzation and effectiveness are used as indexes of supply and need. For example,index for health care utilization are inhabitant visits per year, coverage of expanded program on immunization, coverage of food hygienic monitor and surveillance and coverage of safety water. Index for health care input are the number of doctor per thousand people, beds per thousand people, percentage of total health expenditure to GDP and percentage of health recurrent expenditure to financial expenditure. Index for health care effectiveness are incidence rate of EPI's target diseases, incidence of communicable diseases, mortality of infant and life expectancy. By multiple regression model calculation, it shows that input of health care should be enhanced, especially financial support.