神经干细胞定向分化的信号调控

目的研究证实成年哺乳动物的神经组织中可以分离出神经干细胞.干细胞能不断分裂增殖,并可进一步分化成神经元和胶质细胞.对神经干细胞的最新研究提示了神经系统疾病未来的治疗方向,即通过神经干细胞移植替代死亡的神经细胞而达到功能修复.为此,回顾了神经干细胞定向分化的各种信号调控,以期阐明诱导干细胞向一定方向分化的机制.资料来源应用计算机检索Medline数据库1995-01/2004-08期间的相关文章,检索词"neural stem cell,differentiation,signal,cell transplantation",限定文章语言种类为英文.同时计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库1995-01/2004-08期间的相关文章,检索词"神经干细胞,分化,信号,细胞移植",限定文章语言种类为中文.资料选择选取涉及神经干细胞分化的细胞内外信号的文献,查找全文.资料提炼查到符合条件的全文共30篇.对内容有所关联的文章进行比较,汇总,共选用有代表性的全文18篇.资料综合这18篇文章均从不同方面涉及神经干细胞分化的信号调控,包括各种重要的细胞因子以及自身基因的调控.结论细胞内外信号均能影响干细胞分化.而目前在神经干细胞移植中要解决的关键问题就是如何诱导干细胞向一定方向分化,从而实现"移植"真正所需要的细胞的目的.

Signal control of directional differentiation of neural stem cells

OBJECTIVE: To prove that the neural stem cell can be separated from neural tissue in adult mammalian. Stem cells can separate and proliferate continually, and can divide further into neuron and glial cell. The uptodate researches of neural stem cells suggest a prospective approach to treat neurological diseases, i.e. the dysfunctional cells may be replaced with neural stem cells by transplantation for functional reconstruction. Therefore,many kinds of directional differentiative signal controlling of neural stem cells to differentiate at a certain direction.DATA SOURCES: Using the key term neural stem cell, differentiation,signal and cell transplantation, we searched the MEDLINE database plus the relevant articles in English language from January 1995 to August 2004. Meanwhile, using the key terms mentioned above, we searched Chinese journal full-text database, Wanfang database in Chinese language from January 1995 to August 2004.STUDY SELECTION: The articles on extracellular signal of the differentiation of neural stem cell with full summarization were selected.DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 30 articles were eligible, and the relevant contents were compared and summarized. Eighteen articles were selected at last.DATA SYNTHESIS: All 18 articles contained different aspects of signal regulation of neural stem cell, including various key cellular factors and autogene regulation.CONCLUSION: Both cellular signals in vivo and in vitro can affect the cell differentiation. The vital problem to be solved is how to induce neural stem cells to differentiate at a certain direction so as to realize the aim of transplantation.