Protein Supplementation Improves Physical Performance in Frail Elderly People: A Randomized,Double-Blind,Placebo-Controlled Trial |
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| Authors: | Michael Tieland Ondine van de Rest Marlou L. Dirks Nikita van der Zwaluw Marco Mensink Luc J.C. van Loon Lisette C.P.G.M. de Groot |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. Wageningen University, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands;3. Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands;1. Consumer Science and Health, Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands;1. Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands;3. Department of Human Movement Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands;4. Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology, and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands;1. INRA, UMR1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;2. Clermont Université, Université d''Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;3. CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clinical Nutrition Department, Clermont-Ferrand F-63003, France;4. Lactalis, Lactalis R&D, Retiers F-35000, France;1. Geriatric Centre Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany;2. University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy;3. Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;4. Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSERM UMR1027, Toulouse, France;5. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain;6. Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO;7. McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;8. Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany;9. University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany;10. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Service de Néphrologie, Lausanne, Switzerland;11. University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia;12. University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX;13. Université d’ Auvergne, INRA, CRNH, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France;1. Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;2. Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rhematology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Disciplina de Reumatologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;3. Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Disciplina de Radiologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;4. Divisão de Laboratório Central do Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;5. Laboratory of Bone Metabolism, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Disciplina de Reumatologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;6. McMaster University, Department of Kinesiology, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesProtein supplementation has been proposed as an effective dietary strategy to increase skeletal muscle mass and improve physical performance in frail elderly people. Our objective was to assess the impact of 24 weeks of dietary protein supplementation on muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in frail elderly people.Design/setting/participantsA total of 65 frail elderly subjects were included and randomly allocated to either daily protein or placebo supplementation (15 g protein at breakfast and lunch).MeasurementsSkeletal muscle mass (DXA), muscle fiber size (muscle biopsy), strength (1-RM), and physical performance (SPPB) were assessed at baseline, and after 12 and 24 weeks of dietary intervention.ResultsSkeletal muscle mass did not change in the protein- (from 45.8 ± 1.7 to 45.8 ± 1.7 kg) or placebo-supplemented group (from 46.7 ± 1.7 to 46.6 ± 1.7 kg) following 24 weeks of intervention (P > .05). In accordance, type I and II muscle fiber size did not change over time (P > .05). Muscle strength increased significantly in both groups (P < .01), with leg extension strength tending to increase to a greater extent in the protein (57 ± 5 to 68 ± 5 kg) compared with the placebo group (57 ± 5 to 63 ± 5 kg) (treatment × time interaction effect: P = .059). Physical performance improved significantly from 8.9 ± 0.6 to 10.0 ± 0.6 points in the protein group and did not change in the placebo group (from 7.8 ± 0.6 to 7.9 ± 0.6 points) (treatment × time interaction effect: P = .02).ConclusionDietary protein supplementation improves physical performance, but does not increase skeletal muscle mass in frail elderly people. |
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