家兔前肢“商阳”“二间”“三间”“合谷”“曲池”穴巨显微解剖结构

目的:研究家兔前肢阳明经"商阳"二间"三间"合谷"曲池"穴区的层次结构。方法:先对各穴进行体表定位标识,然后针刺各穴,用多用电子穴位测定治疗仪协助探穴,以确定上述各穴定位准确性。空气栓塞处死家兔,打开胸腔后从锁骨下动脉注入不同浓度的ABS灌注液,使前肢血管全部染色清晰,在巨显微条件下逐一对腧穴进行层次解剖,观察并测量腧穴与周围组织结构的毗邻关系。结果:家兔前肢阳明经"商阳"二间"三间"合谷"曲池"穴浅层穴区以头静脉为主,桡神经浅支神经干和其分支为基础;深层穴区以桡动脉及分支、正中神经为基础。结论:"商阳"二间"三间"合谷"曲池"穴和头静脉,桡动、静脉及分支,桡神经浅支及正中神经有密切的关系,这是上述5个腧穴穴区的形态学基础。

Macroscopical anatomic structure of acupoint "Shangyang" (LI 1), "Erjian" (LI 2), "Sanjian" (LI 3), "Hegu" (LI 4), and "Quchi" (LI 11) regions in the forelimb in rabbits

Objective To observe the structure of acupoints: "Shangyang"(LI 1),"Erjian"(LI 2),"Sanjian"(LI 3),"Hegu"(LI 4) and "Quchi"(LI 11) of the Yangming Meridian in the rabbit’s forelimb.Methods The acupoints were first located in accordance with the related atlas of rabbits and confirmed by low resistance and higher electric potential determinations by using a "multipurpose electronic acupoint detection and therapeutic instrument".Then the animals under anesthesia were killed by intravenous injection of air embolism,perfused with 5% natrium citricum first,acetic ether containing acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer,and 5% dicapryl phthalate,blue and red pigments for paintings via subclavian artery,respectively.After routinely inserting an acupuncture needle into the acupoint,the local tissues(muscles,blood vessels and nerves) of the acupoints mentioned above were dissected layer by layer and their relations with the needle were observed under microscope.Results "Erjian"(LI 2) is situated at the depression site distal to the second metacarpophalangeal joint on the radial side."Sanjian"(LI 3) is located at the depression site proximal to the second metacarpophalangeal joint on the radial side.The shallow-layers of "Shangyang"(LI 1),"Erjian"(LI 2),"Sanjian"(LI 3),"Hegu"(LI 4) and "Quchi"(LI 11) mainly contain cephalic vein and shallow branches of the radial nerve,and their deep layers chiefly contain radial artery and its branches,and the median nerve.Conclusion "Shangyang"(LI 1),"Erjian"(LI 2),"Sanjian"(LI 3),"Hegu"(LI 4) and "Quchi"(LI 11) have a close association with the cephalic vein,radial artery,radial vein and its branches,superficial branch of radial nerve and the median nerve,which constitutes the morphological basis of the five points.