北京市部分公共场所吸烟与二手烟暴露情况研究

目的:监测北京市部分公共场所及工作场所直径<2.5μm的颗粒物(PM2.5)浓度,了解室内吸烟对空气中PM2.5浓度的影响。方法:使用TSI Side Pak AM510个人型气溶胶监测仪,对北京市6类公共场所和工作场所空气中PM2.5浓度进行监测,并进行室内吸烟对空气PM2.5浓度影响的实验研究。结果:无烟、部分禁烟和不禁烟餐馆空气PM2.5浓度分别为62.2μg/m3、130.8μg/m3和198.7μg/m3。无烟和不禁烟办公室空气PM2.5浓度分别为37.3μg/m3和252.1μg/m3。不禁烟酒吧空气中PM2.5浓度为329.4μg/m3。在室内吸1支烟可导致空气中PM2.5的浓度高达300μg/m3,连续吸3支烟以上可导致空气中PM2.5浓度超过1700μg/m3。结论:公共场所及工作场所全面、严格的禁烟政策对于防止二手烟危害非常必要。

Air monitoring survey of PM2.5 in different places in Beijing

Objective： 1. To monitor the level of particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter （ PM2.5 ） in a sample of public venues and workplaces in Beijing; 2. to study the effects of cigarette smoking on the level of indoor air PM2.5 . Method：The TSI Sidepak was used to measure indoor air PM2.5 level in six kinds of public venues and workplaces. Lab experiments were conducted to study the effects of cigarette smoking on the level of indoor air PM2.5. Result： The average indoor air PM2.s level was 62.2 μg/m^3 in restaurants with complete smoke free policies, 130.8 μg/m^3 in restaurants with partial smoke free policies, 198.7 μg/m^3 in restaurants with no rules or restrictions on smoking, 37.3 μg/m^3 in offices with complete smoke free policies, 252.1 μg/m^3 in offices with no rules or restrictions on smoking, and 329.4 μg/m^3 in bars with no rules or restrictions on smoking. Smoking one stick of cigarette in an enclosed room may result in higher than 300 μg/m^3 indoor air PM2.5 level, and smoking three sticks of cigarettes in an enclosed room may result in higher than 1 700 μg/m^3 indoor air PM2.5 level. Conclusion： Comprehensive and strict smoke free policies in public venues and workplaces are essential to prevent the adverse health effects of second hand smoke.