乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种对乙型肝炎病毒感染流行率的影响

为探讨我国乙型肝炎（乙肝）和肝癌高发区乙肝疫苗的免疫效果，在广西隆安县对儿童和新生儿实施乙肝疫苗大规模免疫。免疫后１０年，于１９９５年对１～３９岁人群进行了调查，并用ＲＩＡ法检测了乙肝ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｓ和抗－ＨＢｃ。结果表明，１～３９岁自然人群中乙型肝炎疫苗接种率为４２．４％；ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率为９．５％，其中７～９岁的ＨＢｓＡｇ年龄高峰已消失，尤其在１～８岁人群下降了１００．０％～８３．０％，人群的抗－ＨＢｓ阳性率１～２岁组婴幼儿最高，为８５．５％，以后随年龄增长而逐步下降，在１～１９岁人群中，抗体阳性率显著高于１９８５年的相同年龄组。表明儿童大规模免疫后，紧接着实行新生儿逐年进行计划免疫，是加速控制乙肝感染的有效措施。

THE EFFECT OF HEPATITIS B VACCINATION ON EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS

large scale hepatitis B vaccination to children and the new borns was carried out inLongan county of Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region to investigate the immune effectin hepatitis B and liver carcinoma high-risk area. Ten years later,in 1 955,population of1-39 years old were assayed for HBsAg,anti-HBsAg and anti-HBsAg by the method ofRIA. The results were as follows:in the population of 1-39 years old,hepatitis B vaccinecoverage rate was 42.4%,HBsAg positive rate was 9.5%,the HBsAg peak occurred in7-9 years old children disappeared, HBsAg positive rate in 1-8 years old childrendropped 100%-83%,the anti-HBsAg positive rate was high in 1-2 years old infantsthat reached 85.5%,and it dropped gradually following increasing of ages,antibody posi-tive rate in 1-19 years old population was significantly higher than that in the same agegroup in 1985. This survey indicated that a large scale immunization to children followedby yearly vaccination to the newbo rns is an effective measure to speed up controlling ofhepatitis B infection.