水泥厂粉尘污染与健康

通过水泥厂粉尘污染的监测和实地调查表明:水泥厂粉尘粒径小于2微米的占61.0%,小于5微米占92.9%,可见尘粒小,分散度高,对人群健康危害性大,灰尘自然沉降量夏秋高于冬春,均以立窑点含量(分别为240.4550吨/平方公里·月和227.0514吨/平方公里·月)最高,其次是窑尾点(分别为214.5139吨/平方公里·月和153.4192吨/平方公里·月).大气 TSP(总悬浮微粒)一次最高浓度与日平均最高浓度均越过国家大气环境二级标准.一日时点变化以8时和18时浓度最高,13时最低;空间分布仍以立窑点浓度最高.调查发现,该地区人群中上呼吸道疾病占67.5%,其余为眼疾、慢性鼻炎,慢性咽喉炎、中耳炎、肺功能低下等疾患,表明该厂粉尘已危害人群健康,故发展水泥生产的同时,应千方百计防止环境污染.

DUST POLLUTION IN CEMENT PLANT AND ITS HEALTH EFFECT

Field survey and monitoring of dust pollution in a cement plant reveal that dust in cement plant particles smaller than 2~uaccounts for 61.0%,and<5~u92.9%.The dust fall volume in summer and autumn is higher than in winter and spring.The dust volume at vertical Kiln point is the highest(240.4550 tn/km~2·moon and 227.0514 tn/km~2·moon)and is sec- ondary at the Kiln tail point (214.5139tn/km~2·moon and 153.4192tn/km~2·moon).In the atmosphere TSP of once highest consistency and day mean hihgest consistency are all over the allowance of the country's Ambient Air Quality Gll Standard.The TSP consistency at 8:00 and 18:00 is the highest,and is the lowest at 13:00,with the space distribution of TSP at vertical Kiln point remaining to be highest.It is discovered that the upper respiratory diseases have suf- fered about 67.5% of the residents.The organs invaded most are those which are exposed to the dust.About one-third of the patients are suffered from eye-disease,chronic rhinitis,chronic pharyngolaryngitis,otitis metia and weakened lung function.The data indicate that cement dust,tiny in size and wide in disperesity are harmful to publical health.Every possible means should be taken to protact the environment in the development of cement production.