福建省2011年碘盐质量与不同人群碘营养状况分析

目的了解福建省食用盐碘含量调整前不同人群的碘营养现状,为今后评估调整效果提供依据。方法 2011年在福建省84个县(市、区),每个县按照东、西、南、北、中各随机抽取一定比例的乡(镇、街道),进行居民户食用盐碘含量监测;每个县各抽取5个乡(镇、街道),每个乡(镇、街道)抽取8～10岁20名儿童,检测其尿碘含量;在全省按照PPS法抽取30个县(市、区),每个县抽取3个乡(镇、街道),每个乡(镇、街道办事处)抽取孕妇和哺乳期妇女各5人检测尿碘。结果全省共监测24 277份盐样,盐碘中位数28.93 mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率为96.96%,碘盐覆盖率为98.21%,碘盐合格率为98.73%。8 440名8～10岁儿童尿碘中位数为192.0μg/L,内陆地区8～10岁尿碘中位数高于沿海地区儿童。孕妇尿碘中位数为147.2μg/L,低于WHO推荐的150～249μg/L;哺乳期妇女尿碘水平为134.1μg/L,达到WHO推荐的100μg/L。结论现有的碘盐浓度下福建省居民碘营养水平基本适宜,不存在碘过量的问题,需关注孕妇碘营养不足的问题。

Analysis of the quality of iodized salt and the iodine nutrition status in different groups of population in Fujian province in 2011

Objective To investigate iodine nutrition status in different groups of population before the adjustment of salt iodine content in Fujian province,in order to provide the basis for the further assessment about the adjustment effect.Methods In 2011,in 84 counties,chose a certain percentage of the township in every county at random according to the five directions of the site of the east,west,south,north and middle,then monitored salt iodine content at household;selected 5 townships in every county,then chose 20 8-10-year-old children in each township to detect their urinary iodine.After that,chose 30 counties by means of PPS,3 townships out of every county,then selected 5 pregnant,5 lactating women in every township to detect their urinary iodine.Results Monitored 24 277 salt samples totally in the province,and the median iodine content of salt was 28.93 mg/kg,and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 96.96%,the coverage rate of iodized salt was 98.21%,the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98.73%.The median urine iodine of 8-10-year-old children in 8 440 urinary samples was 192.0 μg/L,and the median urinary iodine of children in inland areas was higher than that in coastal areas.The median urinary iodine of pregnant was 147.2 μg/L which was less than the standard 150～249 μg/L recommended by WHO.The median urinary iodine of lactating women was 134.1 μg/L,reaching the standard 100 μg/L recommended by WHO.Conclusion Under present iodine content of salt the iodine nutritional levels of residents in Fujian is suitable,and iodine excess does not exist.We should concern about the status of iodine nutrition of pregnant women.