养老机构老年人生活体验的质性研究

目的探究乌鲁木齐市养老机构中老年人的生活体验,以期为提高老年人的生活质量提供科学依据。方法采用目的抽样法,选取乌鲁木齐市4所养老机构中的10名老年人进行半结构式深入访谈,使用Colaizzi现象学分析法分析资料。结果将被访老年人的生活体验归纳为负性体验和正性体验,其中,负性体验包括身体状况欠佳、安全管理不到位、规章制度欠合理、经济紧张、情感支持缺乏和灵性不适6个主题;正性体验包括日常生活服务周到、社交增加和基本医疗服务有保障3个主题。结论乌鲁木齐市养老机构老年人生活体验受多方因素影响,应针对机构存在的问题和老年人自身特点及需求,多种举措改善养老机构老年人的负性生活体验,并积极倡导正性生活体验,提高生活质量。

Qualitative research of life experience among the elderly in endowment institutions in Urumqi

Objective To explore life experience among the elderly in endowment institutions in Urumqi,so as to provide reference to improve life quality of the elderly.Methods A semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted in 10 elderly of 4 endowment institutions in Urumqi.The Colaizzi phenomenological method was used to analyze the data.Results Life experience among the elderly was reduced to negative experience and positive experience.Negative experience included 6 themes of poor physical conditions,imperfect management,unsound rules and regulations,economic strain,lacking emotional supports and spiritual suffering.Positive experience included 3 themes of considerate life service,social interaction increase and basic medical service.Conclusion Life experience among the elderly in endowment institutions in Urumqi was influenced by many factors.Endowment institutions should aim at the existing problems,the characteristics and the needs of the elderly,take multiple measures to improve the negative life experience of the elderly in endowment institutions,advocate positive life experience,and developing life quality.