上海市社区戒毒(康复)的效果及其成本-效益评价

目的:通过相关面上数据收集和社区抽样调查,对上海市开展社区戒毒(康复)的效果和经济效益进行评价。方法:在上海市禁毒相关部门、机构或组织收集课题所需面上数据;采用分层随机整群抽样方法,并根据样本量要求,在上海市抽取4个区,在抽中的区中抽取8个社区,对社区内所有参加社区戒毒(康复)人员进行问卷调查,并对数据进行相应的统计分析。结果:在上海市禁毒委员会办公室、上海市卫生局、上海市自强社会服务总社,以及抽样地区的社区(街道)禁毒办(7个)、禁毒社工站(4个)、社区禁毒社工点(8个)等戒毒/康复相关部门、机构或组织收集了课题所需面上数据,并对773名社区戒毒(康复)人员进行了问卷调查。数据分析结果显示,所调查8个社区的社区戒毒(康复)工作取得了较好成效:2008-2010年,戒断3年及以上人数持续增加,现有登记在册海洛因滥用者人数逐年下降,新滋生海洛因滥用者人数总体呈下降趋势。成本-效益分析结果显示,这8个社区2010年开展社区戒毒(康复)的经济投入为968.6万元,产生的经济效益为5173.5万元,成本-效益比值为1∶5.3,即在社区戒毒(康复)上每投入1元,可节约毒品问题导致的社会和个人经济支出5.3元。结论:上海市社区戒毒(康复)的实施取得了预期成效,其中禁毒社工队伍在社区戒毒(康复)工作中发挥了重要作用;经济学评价结果表明,社区戒毒(康复)工作经济效益显著。

EFFECT AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF COMMUNITY-BASED DRUG DETOXIFICATION(REHABILITATION) IN SHANGHAI

Objective:To evaluate the effect and economic benefit of the community-based drug detoxification(rehabilitation) for drug addicts in Shanghai.Methods:In the present study,a part of data was collected from the departments,institutes,or organizations related to drug control in Shanghai.Stratified randomized cluster sampling method was used in the present study,and eight communities,belonged to 4 districts,were sampled.The subjects community-based detoxification(rehabilitation) in every sampled community were investigated by questionnaire.Results:A part of data was collected from Shanghai Office of the Narcotics Control Commission,Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau,Council of Shanghai Ziqiang Social Services,as well as seven community Offices of the Narcotics Control Commission,four anti-drug social work stations,and eight anti-drug social worker community points,in the sampled communities.Total 773 community-based drug detoxification(rehabilitation) persons were conducted a questionnaire survey.The result of data analysis showed that the eight communities in Shanghai,have achieved remarkable results in community-based drug detoxification(rehabilitation): from the year 2008 to 2010,the drug abstinence rate of three years and above increased year by year,the existing number of registered heroin abusers decreased year by year,the number of new breed heroin abusers was in downward trend generally.Cost-benefit analysis result showed that the economic cost of the eight communities in 2010 to carry out community-based drug detoxification(rehabilitation) was 9.686 million yuan,the economic benefits was 51.735 million yuan,the cost-benefit ratio was 1∶5.3,meaning that 5.3 yuan of social and personal economic costs attributed to drug abuse were saved for every yuan invested in community-based drug detoxification(rehabilitation).Conclusion:The implementation of community-based drug detoxification(rehabilitation) has obtained acceptable results,anti-drug social workers played an important role in the work of community-based drug detoxification(rehabilitation);the result of economic evaluation showed that community-based drug detoxification(rehabilitation) in Shanghai have achieved remarkable economic benefits.