凉山彝族自治州医务人员对艾滋病的认知与防护行为

摘要：目的了解凉山州医务人员对艾滋病知识的认知及职业防护行为的现状，分析影响因素，为艾滋病相关知识培训及艾滋病防控工作提供指导依据。方法自制问卷，采用分层抽样方法，对凉山州78家医疗机构当日在岗的医务人员进行现场问卷调查，使用SAS9．1软件进行统计描述。结果共回收有效问卷2525份，艾滋病知识总得分为（32．11±6．47）分，高水平者占7．76％，中水平者占55．64％，低水平者占36．59％；艾滋病职业防护行为总得分为（34．96±12．23）分，高水平者占15．13％，中水平者占35．76％，低水平者占49．11％。年龄、工作年限、学历、既往是否接受艾滋病培训、接诊或护理过艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染者／病人等，是影响医务人员艾滋病知识认知的因素（P〈0．0001）；学历、专业、既往接受过艾滋病相关知识培训及接诊或护理过HIV感染者／病人，是影响医务人员职业防护行为的主要原因（P〈0．0001）；年龄、职称、工作年限对其职业防护水平差异无统计学意义。结论凉山州医务人员艾滋病相关知识和防护行为总体水平不高，与多种因素有关。各级医疗机构应加强艾滋病相关知识和职业防护培训，采取多样化培训方式，并为医务人员提供必要的防护用品。

AIDS awareness and preventive behaviors of medical staff in Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture

Objective To investigate awareness of AIDS knowledge among medical staff and their preventive be haviors in Liangshan and analyze the influential factors to provide a scientific basis fur the training as well as prevention and control about AIDS. Methods Medical staff from 78 medical institutions in Liangshan were surveyed using self-designed questionnaires, among which 2525 were valid. Results The average score of medical staff＇s knowledge on AIDS was 32.11±6.47 points, with 7. 760/oo respondents in high level, 55.64% in intermediate level and 36.59% in low level. The average score of medical staff＇s AIDS preventive behaviors was 34.96± 12.23 points, with 15.13 % respondents in high level, 35.76 %in intermediate level and 49.11% in low level. Major factors influencing medial staff＇s AIDS knowledge were age, working years, education background, trainings on AIDS and experience of treating or caring HIV/AIDS patients and so on （P〈0. 0001）. Major factors influencing their preventive behaviors were education background, specialty, trainings on AIDS and experience of treating or caring HIV/AIDS patients and so on （P〈0. 0001）, while age, professional title, working years were irrelevant. Conclusion The overall level of AIDS knowledge and preventive behaviors of medical staff in Liangshan were unsatisfactory and affected by diverse factors. Various training programs should be strengthened to improve the technical level of medical staff.