近十年广东地区丙型肝炎感染途径的特点

目的了解最近十年广东地区丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染途径的特点。方法 采用回顾性调查与前瞻性研究相结合的方法,进行定群随访观察。结果 感染途径明确者占34.5%（38/110）,包括静脉吸毒15.5%（17/110）,输血及血制品14.5%（16/110）和血液透析4.5%（5/110）;感染途径不明确,存在可疑感染因素者占30%（33/110）,包括家庭内传播3.6%（4/110）,小手术及注射史12.7%（14/110）,皮肤损伤性美容10.9%（12/110）,职业暴露2.7%（3/110）;不明感染途径者占35.4%（39/110）。各组之间年龄大小差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,静脉吸毒均为男性,职业暴露均为女性,与其他组比较,P〈0.001。结论 在广东地区,近十年HCV感染的多种途径并存,小手术及注射、皮肤损伤性美容正在成为与静脉吸毒、输血及血制品同等重要的感染途径。不明感染途径者无论数量还是比例都排第一位,是今后预防的主要问题。

The Features of Transmission Routes of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Guangdong Province

Objective To investigate the features of transmission routes of hepatitis C virus infection in Guangdong province in the past ten years..Method Follow-up visit was proceeded by using the method of retrospective survey combined with prospective study.Results 34.5%（38 / 110） of patients had a clear route of infection.These included 15.5%（17 / 110） of intravenous drug abuse,14.5%（16 / 110） of blood transfusion and 4.5%（5 / 110） of hemodialysis.30%（33 / 110） of patients could not establish a fully clear route of infection,probably 3.6%（4 / 110） were transmission within the family,12.7%（14 / 110） through minor operation and injection,10.9%（12 / 110） with skin injury of cosmetic surgery and hairdressing,and 2.7%（3 / 110） of occupational exposure.35.4%（39 / 110） of the patients had totally unknown route of infection.There was no significant difference（P 0.05）among the various age groups.Intravenous drug abusers were all male,and female patients mainly acquired the infection through occupational exposure（P0.0001）.Conclusions Individuals may acquire hepatitis C virus infection through various routes during the last ten years.Minor operation,injection,cosmetic surgery and hairdressing with skin injury may be the cause of infection and the risk of infection is high as the intravenous drug abuse and blood transfusion.Prevention strategy should be developed for the disease prevention in the future.