山东农村中老年妇女乳腺癌与宫颈癌筛查知晓情况

目的 了解农村中老年妇女乳腺癌与宫颈癌（以下简称两癌）筛查知晓情况，为制定可行的宣传策略提供科学依据。方法 于2014年采用分层随机抽样方法在山东省3县共抽取600名35~60岁妇女进行乳腺癌与宫颈癌知晓情况入户面访调查。结果 600名研究对象两癌筛查知晓率为67.7%（406/600），其中莒南、梁山和平阴县分别为74.0%（154/208）、69.5%（137/197）和59.0%（115/195）（P=0.004），校正其他因素影响后，研究对象知晓率莒南、梁山明显高于平阴（莒南：OR=1.839，95%CI=1.181~2.874，P=0.007；梁山：OR=1.546，95%CI=0.959~2.480，P=0.074）；知晓率影响因素分析结果显示，两癌筛查知晓率除受地区影响之外，还受使用节育环（OR=1.548，95%CI=1.070~2.240）及绝经（OR=0.545，95%CI=0.377~0.789）等因素影响；研究对象两癌筛查政策主要知晓途径为村委会通知，占85.4%（345/406）。结论 国家设立免费两癌筛查试点有助于提高农村妇女两癌筛查知晓率，并且在筛查政策落实中村委会起到良好宣传作用。

Awareness about breast and cervical cancer screening among middle and old age women in rural areas of Shandong province

Objective To examine the awareness about the screening of breast and cervical cancer among the middle-aged and old women living in countryside and to provide evidences for making effective health education programs.Methods Totally 600 rural women aged 35-60 years were selected from 3 counties in Shandong province with stratified random cluster sampling and surveyed face-to-face with a self-designed questionnaire between July and September 2014.Results The awareness rate of breast and cervical cancer screening in the women was 67.7%(406/600)and the rate differed significantly among the women in different counties (74%[154/208]for those in Ju'nan,69.5%[137/19]for Liangshan,and 59%[115/195]for Pingyin)(P=0.004).After adjusting for other influencing factors,the women in Ju'nan and Liangshan had significantly higher awareness rate compared to those in Pingyin county,with the odds ratio (OR) of 1.839 (95% confidence interval[95%CI]=1.181-2.874;P=0.007)and 1.546 (95%CI=0.959-2.492;P=0.074).Other significant influencing factors of the awareness rate included the use of intrauterine devices (OR=1.548,95%CI=1.070-2.240)and menopause(OR=0.545,95%CI=0.377-0.789).The main way of for the women to know the screening service was through the notification of villagers committees (85.4%,345/600).Conclusion The conduct of pilot program for breast and cervical cancer screening free of charge could increase the awareness rate about the screening among rural women and promote villagers committee playing a key role in the propaganda of the screening program.