二胎孕妇妊娠压力及其影响因素分析

目的 探讨二胎孕妇妊娠压力现状及其影响因素。方法 于2016年7-8月，应用妊娠压力量表、家庭关怀度指数（APGAR）和自制调查问卷对便利抽样的331名二胎孕妇进行调查。结果 结果 二胎孕妇妊娠压力总均分（0.75±0.48）分，妊娠有压力者占21.8%；单因素分析显示，第一胎高危妊娠（χ²=9.479、P=0.002）、婆媳关系（χ²=18.243、P=0.000）、夫妻关系（χ²=24.160、P=0.000）、怀孕态度（χ²=31.560、P=0.000）、生二胎原因（χ²=29.835、P=0.000）、第二胎高危妊娠（χ²=4.992、P=0.025）、家庭功能（χ²=62.002、P=0.000）等因素与二胎孕妇妊娠压力发生率有关；logistic回归分析显示，二胎孕妇妊娠压力与夫妻关系、生二胎原因、第二胎高危妊娠和家庭功能有关。结论 夫妻关系差、家庭功能障碍、第二胎高危妊娠、在父母压力下生二胎等因素是导致二胎孕妇妊娠压力的主要因素。

Prevalence and influencing factors of pregnancy stress among pregnant women during second child pregnancy

Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of pregnancy stress among pregnant women during second child pregnancy.Methods A total of 331 pregnant women during their second child pregnancy were selected by convenient sampling in outpatient clinics of 5 hospitals in Fujian province and surveyed with pregnancy pressure scale,family APGAR index and a self-designed questionnaire between July and August 2016.Results The mean score for pregnancy stress among the pregnant women was 0.75±0.48 and 21.8% of the pregnant women reported stress condition.Univariate analysis showed that the determinants of pregnancy stress among the pregnant women included the history of high risk first child pregnancy (χ²=9.479,P=0.002),relationship between the mother-in-law and daughter-in-law (χ²=18.243,P=0.000),conjugal relation (χ²=24.160,P=0.000),attitude towards pregnancy (χ²=31.560,P=0.000),reasons for having a second child (χ²=29.835,P=0.000),high risk of second child pregnancy (χ²=4.992,P=0.025),and family dysfunction (χ²=62.002,P=0.000) ; multivariate analysis revealed that conjugal relation,reasons for having a second child,high risk second child pregnancy,and family dysfunction were associated with pregnancy stress in the women.Conclusion Poor conjugal relation,family dysfunction,high risk pregnancy,and having a second child under the pressure from parents are major impact factors of pregnancy stress among pregnant women during second child pregnancy.