立体定向放射治疗肺癌的临床应用

目的　探讨立体定向放射治疗 (X线刀 )肺癌的适应症、禁忌症和近期疗效。方法　用体部X线刀治疗计划系统和立体定位框架 ,结合SL 75直线加速器对 5 6例肺癌患者进行了立体定向放射治疗 (治疗组 )。以同期 5 3例常规放射治疗的原发性肺癌为对照。治疗组中 42例为外照射上纵隔、同侧肺门、隆突下及原发灶 5 0Gy/ 2 5F后加用X线刀治疗原发灶 5Gy/次× 5次 ;14例为肺转移癌或手术后外周孤立性复发病灶行单纯立体定向放射治疗 ,8～ 12Gy/次× 5次。结果　 5 6例患者共 78个病灶 ,X线刀治疗后 1、3、6、12个月复查有效率 (病灶消失、病灶缩小 )分别为 79.5 % (62 / 78)、89.8% (70 / 78)、87.2 % (68/ 78)和 78.2 % (61/ 78) ,3个月以后出现病灶复发 ,3、6、12个月病灶增大比率分别为 2 .6% (2 / 78)、5 .1% (4/ 78)和 9% (7/ 78)。 2个治疗后无变化的病灶 (肾癌术后肺转移 )又行第 2次X线刀治疗。治疗组原发性肺癌初次治疗 3 6例 ,1年生存率 89.1% ,2年生存率 5 3 .9% ,显著高于对照组 (77.4%和 3 9.6% ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　立体定向放射治疗肺癌有广泛的临床应用前景 ,适应症包括 :①用于初次病例外照射后原发灶缩小在 5cm以下者补量 ,以减少肺组织受量和放射性肺炎的发生 ;②用于放疗后、手术后肺内复发的

Clinical application of stereotactic radiotherapy in treatment of lung cancer

Objective　To study the indication, contraindication and short-term clinical effects of stereotactic radiotherapy (X-knife) in lung cancer. Methods　A total of 56 cases (Treatment group) of lung cancer were treated with X-knife composing of the modern 3-D treatment planning system and the stereotactic body frame, and SL-75 accelerator. And another 53 cases only treated with routine external radiation served as the control. In treatment group, 42 cases received 50 Gy radiation, at 2 Gy per day, 5 d per week in the upper mediastinum, hilus of lung, below the primary focus first and then underwent X-knife for the primary focuses, and other 14 recurrent and metastatic cases received irradiation of 8-12 Gy per day, 5 d by X-knife alone. Results　The actually reexamination rate for 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after X-knife treatment in 78 focuses from 56 cases was 79.5% (62/78), 89.8% (70/78), 87.2% (68/78) and 78.2% (61/78) respectively. The focuses reappeared in 3 months after the treatment and the growth rates of focus in 3, 6, and 12 month after the treatment were 2.6% (2/78), 5.1% and 9% (7/78) respectively. There were 2 focuses received a second treatment with X-knife because no change after the first one. Both the 1-and 2-year survival rates of 36 cases of the primary lung cancer in the treatment group were higher than that of control group (89.1%, 53.9% and 77.4%, 39.6%). Conclusion　The stereotactic radiotherapy is of applicable and prospective in the treatment of lung cancer. The indications include: ①As a boost dose in case when primary focus is less than 5 cm after the first external radiotherapy may reduce the exposure of lung tissue to x-ray and the occurrence of radiation pneumonia; ②Treatment for the recurrence after radiotherapy and operation; ③Radical treatment for the metastatic focus less than 5 cm. Attention must be paid to when multiple treatment is carried on the volume of the focus, the Karnofsky scores and the general condition when stereotactic radiotherapy combined with X-knife for lung cancer.