贵州黔南地区农村居民肛肠疾病患病现状及危险因素

目的 了解贵州省黔南地区农村居民肛肠疾病患病现状及其危险因素,为采取相应的干预措施提供参考依据.方法 采用整群随机抽样方法对在黔南地区抽取的47 864名≥20岁农村常住居民进行问卷调查、肛门视诊、直肠检查及肛镜检查,采用SAS 9.1软件进行统计学分析.结果 贵州省黔南地区农村居民肛肠疾病患病7 453例,患病率为15.57%,标化患病率为15.23%;7 453例肛肠疾病患者中,痔疮1 853例(24.86%),肛裂1 220例(16.37%),肛乳头肥大症907例(12.17%),肛瘘853例(11.45%),肛周湿疹697例(9.35%),直肠息肉643例(8.63%),肛内脓肿585例(7.85%),直肠脱垂553例(7.39%),其他肛肠疾病142例(1.91%);多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(OR=3.142,P=0.001)、>50岁(OR=3.537,P=0.001)、汉族(OR=3.418,P=0.001)、喜辛辣、油炸食物(OR=3.254、3.097,P=0.001)、长期睡眠不足(OR=3.037,P=0.001)、长期饮酒(OR=5.384,P=0.001)、偶尔摄入蔬菜水果等纤维食品(OR=3.863,P=0.001)、偶尔清洗会阴部(OR=3.036,P=0.001)、有便秘史(OR=5.318,P=0.001)和长期焦虑(OR=3.116,P=0.001)是贵州省黔南地区农村居民肛肠疾病患病的危险因素.结论 贵州省黔南地区农村少数民族居民肛肠疾病患病率低于国内其他地区水平;性别、年龄、民族、饮食习惯、睡眠时间、饮酒、蔬菜水果等纤维食品摄入、清洗会阴部、便秘史和焦虑是影响黔南地区农村居民肛肠疾病患病的主要因素.

Prevalence and influence factors of anorectal diseases among rural residents in minority nationality regions of southern Guizhou province

Objective To examine the prevalence and risk factors of anorectal diseases among rural residents in Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture(Qiannan),Guizhou province,and to provide references for taking corresponding interventions.Methods We carried out a questionnaire survey,visual examination,rectum examination,and anus mirror examination among 47 864 rural residents aged≥20 years selected form Qiannan region with random sampling and used SAS 9.1 in data analyses.Results The prevalence and the standardized prevalence of anorectal diseases among the residents was 15.57% and 15.23%;among the 7 453 patients identified,the top 5 main anorectal diseases were haemorrhoids(1 853,24.86%),toallingham's ulcer(1 220 16.37%),hypertrophy of anal papilla(907,12.17%),archosyrinx(853,11.45%),and perianal eczema(697,9.35%),followed by prortopolypus(643,8.63%),anal abscess(585,7.85%),proctoptoma(553,7.39%),and other types of anorectal diseases(142,1.91%),respectively.The results of multi-factor unconditioned logistic regression showed that the risk factors of anorectal included female,aged more than 50 years,Han nationality,having a fondness for spicy or fried food,without enough sleep for a long-time,drinking alcohol for a long-term,taking fruits,vegetables,and firbrous food seldom,cleaning perineum occasionally,and with history of long-term constipation or anxiety among the residents.Conclusion The prevalence of anorectal diseases among rural residents in Qiannan region is lower than the average national level and the main factors of the prevalence are gender,age,nationality,eating habits,sleeping time,alcohol drinking,intake of fruits,vegetables and fibrous food,cleaning the perineum,and the history of constipation and anxiety.