体表海绵状静脉畸形病理结构观察及意义

目的 观察体表海绵状静脉畸形的病理结构,探讨其畸形的病理机制。方法 体表海绵状静脉畸形42例,正常中型静脉、小静脉各12例,HE染色观察病理结构,测量海绵状静脉畸形、中小静脉的血窦(管)半径、血窦(管)壁厚度,计算血窦(管)半径与血窦(管)壁厚度的比值。结果 海绵状静脉畸形的血窦壁很薄、平滑肌细胞少,血窦半径与血窦壁厚度的比例明显大于正常中小静脉;海绵状静脉畸形的病理结构可分为蜂窝型、沟渠型和混合型3种类型。结论 体表海绵状静脉畸形血窦的发育过程中存在血管塑型障碍,血窦壁张力减低,这是畸形发病的主要原因之一。

Pathologic structures of cavernous venous malformation in body surface and its significance

Purpose To probe the pathogenesis of cavernous venous malformation by observing its pathologic structure. Methods Forty-two cavernous venous malformations, 12 moderate veins and 12 small veins were included in the study. HE stain was used to observe their pathologic structure and measure the radius of sinusoid or vessel and the thickness of sinusoid or vessel wall of cavernous venous malformations, moderate and small veins to calculate the ratio of radius and thickness. Results The sinusoid wall of cavernous venous malformation was thin and there were only a few SMCs in it. The ratio of radius and thickness of cavernous venous malformations were higher obviously than those of moderate and small veins. According to the pathologic structure, cavernous venous malformations of body surface could be divided into three types: cellular, canaliform and mixed. Conclusion There is disturbance of vascular remodelling in the development of sinusoid wall in cavernous venous malformation and the tension of sinusoid wall is low, which may be one of the major causes of this malformation.