Amylose systémique découverte par une atteinte trachéobronchique

Amyloidosis is a spectrum of disease characterized by the abnormal deposition of fibril amyloid-related proteins in the extracellular space. The most common types of amyloidosis are AL and AA amyloidosis. Amyloidosis is also classified according to the extent of the deposition as systemic or localized. Respiratory amyloidosis is classified as laryngeal, tracheobronchial or parenchymal amyloidosis. Tracheobronchial amyloidosis is classically known as a rare manifestation of the localized disease. A few cases only of systemic amyloidosis presenting as a tracheobronchial disease have been reported. We here report a 26-year-old man who presented with hemoptysis related to a systemic tracheal primary amyloidosis.     

Glycemic index of American-grown jasmine rice classified as high

The primary objective was to determine the glycemic index (GI) of jasmine rice grown in the United States (US). Secondary objective was to compare the GI of US grown jasmine rice to those grown in Thailand. Twelve healthy subjects were served all four brands of jasmine rice and a reference food (glucose), each containing 50?g of available carbohydrate. Fingerstick blood glucose was measured at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120?min after consumption following a fasting state. The GI was calculated using the standard equation. The GI values for test foods ranged from 96 to 116 and were all classified as high GI foods. No difference in GI was found between American-grown and Thailand-grown jasmine rice. Although not statistically significant, observations show glycemic response among Asian American participants may be different. GI should be considered when planning meals with jasmine rice as the main source carbohydrate.     

Amylose AA compliquant une sarcoïdose : deux observations et revue de la littérature

Introduction

Sarcoidosis is a relatively common granulomatosis. Its outcome is usually favourable. AA amyloidosis is a rare complication of sarcoidosis. We report two new cases and review the literature.

Case reports

A 40-year-old woman followed for a splenomegaly was admitted for assessment of hepatic cholestasis. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis involving lungs, liver, spleen and lymph nodes was obtained on clinical, biological and histological evidence. Simultaneously, AA amyloidosis deposits was demonstrated on lymph nodes and spleen. The second patient was a 42-year-old woman who was evaluated for mediastinal lymph nodes and interstitial pneumonia. Lung biopsy showed epithelioid and giant cell granuloma without caseous necrosis, associated to AA amyloidosis deposits. In these two patients, corticosteroids (initially at 1 mg/kg daily) led to a sustained improvement with a 1 and 5 years follow-up, respectively.

Conclusion

AA amyloidosis is an uncommon complication of sarcoidosis. Corticosteroids associated with colchicine is proposed to treat simultaneously the two disorders.     

Corn Starches as Film Formers in Aqueous-Based Film Coating

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the film formation ability and mechanical stress–strain properties of aqueous native corn starches, using free films and film coatings applied to tablets. Free films were prepared from high-amylose corn (Hylon VII), corn and waxy corn starches, using sorbitol and glycerol as plasticizers. The tablets and pellets were film-coated using an air-suspension coater, and characterized with respect to the film coating surface topography, cross-sectional structure and thickness (SEM), and dissolution in vitro. The amylose content of the starch film formers affected both the tensile strength and the elongation. The elongations were under 5% for even the plasticized starches, and in most cases, no plasticization effect was seen by either of the plasticizers. Dissolution of native corn starch film-coated tablets (weight gain 1%) did not differ from uncoated ones. A notable delay in dissolution of the drug was found by increasing Hylon VII film coating thickness, suggesting controlled-release characteristics.