P53, Bcl-2 and CD68 expression in response to amethopterin-induced lung injury and ameliorating role of l-carnitine

Amethopterin (methotrexate, MTX) is an antimetabolite and antifolate drug with antiflammatory properities and is used to treat autoimmune diseases, such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and certain types of cancer, such as breast, lymphoma and lung. The present study aimed to study the changes in P53, Bcl-2 and CD68 expression in response to amethopterin-induced lung injury and ameliorating the role of l-carnitine. A total of 36 male albino rats were equally divided into six groups: the first and second groups were the control and l-carnitine groups respectively while the 3rd group was amethopterin rat group; the 4th and 5th groups were co- and post-treated amethopterin rat with l-carnitine respectively and the 6th group was self treated amethopterin rat group. Our results shows that lung in amethopterin-treated rats showed many of histopathological alterations as severe to strong alveolar damage in the form of collapsed alveoli and strong thickened interalveolar septa with heavy infiltration of inflammatory cells. This damage was increased or remaining in self-amethopterin-treated group. Treatment (co- and post) with l-carnitine were improved in the lung structure that was treated with amethopterin. A significant increase in p53 and CD68 and decrease in Bc1-2 immunoreactivity in the lung in amethopterin group is observed when compared with the control group. However, treatment of rats with l-carnitine decreased the intensity of P53-ir and CD68-ir and increased the intensity of Bcl-2 in lung when compared with amethopterin rat group. Co-treatment with l-carnitine improved lung damage induced with amethopterin.     

Die Therapie leukämischer und sarkomatöser Meningopathien im Erwachsenenalter

Zusammenfassung Mit der Weiterentwicklung der Chemotherapie ist die Prognose akuter Leukosen wesentlich verbessert worden. Da aber die meisten cytostatisch wirksamen Stoffe nicht in der Lage sind, die Blut-Hirn-Schranke zu passieren, werden heute vermehrt meningeale Verlaufsformen beobachtet. Amethopterin, dessen cytostatischer Effekt auf einem Folsäureantagonismus beruht, zeichnet sich durch eine gute intrathekale Verträglichkeit aus und läßt sich dadurch in hoher Konzentration an meningeale Infiltrate heranbringen. Den ersten positiven Erfahrungen bei leukämischen Meningopathien des Kindesalters lassen sich jetzt auch entsprechende Ergebnisse bei Krankheitsfällen des Erwachsenenalters hinzufügen. Es wird über den guten Erfolg einer intrathekalen Amethopterintherapie bei 2 Männern mit einer Meningopathia leucaemica und einer Meningopathia lymphosarcomatosa berichtet.

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Intrathecal therapy of meningeal leucemia and lymphosarcoma in adults

Summary The incidence of meningeal leucemia appears to have risen in recent years. CSF drug levels following systemic chemotherapy are too low as to be effective. Therefore, meningeal involvement may occur despite continuing systemic therapy as it may also occur in patients whose bone marrow shows remission. Many neurologists dislike to apply drugs intrathecally. Nevertheless, intrathecal administration of certain chemotherapeutic agents in cases of meningeal leucemia or lymphosarcoma is often successful without neurotoxic side-effects. The cases of two adult patients treated with intrathecal amethopterin are reported.

     

免疫抑制治疗Graves眼病的临床分析

目的 对临床应用甲氨喋呤、地塞米松联合冲击治疗Graves眼病的疗效进行观察和评价。方法 对10例Graves眼病患在甲状腺功能指标经药物控制至正常范围基础上,给予甲氨喋呤、地塞米松静滴治疗,同时给予患口服强的松治疗。治疗过程中给予患定期相应的化验检查。结果 2例患因用药后出现严重药物副作用停药,其余8例患治疗后畏光、流泪、复视症状减轻或恢复正常。随访6－12个月,无1例眼病症状再次加重或复发。结论 应用甲氨喋呤、地塞米松冲击治疗Graves眼病有明显疗效,药物副作用容易观察和控制,值得推广应用。     

局部应用氨甲喋呤和卡介苗预防膀胱癌术后复发(附18例报告)

目的：探讨局部应用氨甲喋呤（ＭＴＸ）,卡介苗（ＢＣＧ）预防膀胱癌术后复发的疗效。方法：对１３例浅表性膀胱癌和５例浸润性膀胱癌施以膀胱部分切除术,术前行ＭＴＸ膀胱灌注,术中和术后分别行ＭＴＸ膀胱粘膜下注射和直肠粘膜下注射,术后行小剂量ＢＣＧ膀胱灌注,结果：全部病蜊到随访,时间为６￣４０个月,平均２８个月。３例复发,复发率１６．７％。结论：该疗法可以增加膀胱癌患者保留膀胱的治疗机会,为膀胱癌的治疗提供     

氨甲喋呤加米非司酮治疗异位妊娠的疗效观察

目的探讨氨甲喋呤（MTX）单次肌注加米非司酮治疗异位妊娠的疗效。方法对30例异位妊娠患者均予以MTX单次肌注加米非司酮治疗。结果25例患者经过治疗后，附件包块缩小，β-HCG值下降至正常范围。结论MTX单次肌注加米非司酮治疗异位妊娠疗效好，副作用小。     

Feulgen-Nuklearreaktion in Spermatozoenköpfen von jugendlichen Ratten nach Amethopterin-Langzeit-Behandlung

Young rats were given an intraperitoneal injection of 0,01 mg/kg body weight of MTX twice in a week, from the 4th day until the 12th week of life. The FNR values of sperm heads obtained from the epididymis were determined cytophotometrically. The results showed an increase in the FNR value by 18,40% over the control value. It is discussed whether these results can be interpreted as resulting from a delay in the maturation of spermatozoa in the MTX-treated rats.

Resumen

A ratas jóvenas se les inyectó intraperitonealmente 0'01mg/Kg. de methotrexate, dos veces por semana, desde el 4° día de edad hasta la 12^a semana. Los valores de FNR de las cabezas de los espermatozoides tornados del epididimo, se determinaron citofotométricamente. Los resultados mostraron aumento en el valor de FNR, del 18,49% sobre el valor control. Se discute si estos resultados pueden ser interpretados como expresión de alteración en la maduración espermática en ratas tratadas con MTX (methotrexate).     

杀胚异位饮联合甲氨蝶呤、米非司酮治疗异位妊娠的临床研究

目的：观察杀胚异位饮联合甲氨蝶呤、米非司酮保守治疗异位妊娠的临床效果。方法：55例异位妊娠患者被随机分为两组。对照组采用甲氨蝶呤50mg／㎡,单次肌肉注射,米非司酮片50mg,空腹口服,每12h1次,服2d,治疗组在上述治疗基础上．加用杀胚异位饮。在治疗第4d和第7d测血,β-HCG。以后每隔3d复查1次。每周复查血常规、肝肾功、B超,同时记录药物不良反应。结果-临床疗效治疗组疗效优于对照组,差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）;血β-HCG下降至正常所需时间治疗组疗效优于对照组,差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）：两组盆腔包块消失时间治疗组疗效优于对照组,差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）;药物副反应治疗组疗效优于对照组。差异具有显著性（P：0．05）。结论：杀胚异位饮联合甲氨蝶呤、米非司酮对治疗异位妊娠有较好的临床效果。