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1.
目的探讨小儿肺热咳喘颗粒辅助治疗儿童急性支气管炎的疗效。方法选择2016年6~9月我院儿科门诊支气管炎患儿150例,对照组75例给予硫酸沙丁胺醇片,1~2 mg/d,分3~4次服,疗程为5 d;观察组75例采用小儿肺热咳喘颗粒,≤3岁:一次3 g,一日3次;3~7岁:一次3 g,一日4次;≥7岁:一次6 g,一日3次,疗程为5 d,7 d后比较两组患儿退热时间、咳止时间、喘止时间、啰音消失时间,并评价疗效。结果观察组有效率为93.3%;对照组有效率为68.0%,差异均有显著性(χ~2=27.75,P0.01);观察组退热时间(2.52±1.38)d,咳止时间(4.23±2.16)d,喘止时间(2.86±0.96)d,啰音消失时间(3.55±1.17)d;对照组退热时间(3.25±1.34)d,咳止时间(5.39±2.38)d,喘止时间(3.36±1.27)d,啰音消失时间(4.26±1.26)d,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论小儿肺热咳喘颗粒辅助治疗儿童急性支气管炎疗效确切。  相似文献   
2.
目的:探析沙丁胺醇联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗支气管哮喘急性发作的临床效果。方法选择2013年6月~2014年6月本院收治的支气管哮喘急性发作患者180例作为研究对象并进行分组治疗,对照组90例给予地塞米松磷酸钠注射液进行治疗,观察组90例给予沙丁胺醇联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗。观察比较两组患者治疗前后肺功能改善指标及疗效。结果两组患者治疗前肺功能指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗2周后,观察组相关指标均明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗过程中的胸闷气短、肺部哮鸣音及咳嗽等临床症状存在时间明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组总有效率为96.67%,显著高于对照组的86.67%;观察组患者均未发生不良反应,对照组不良反应发生率为6.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论沙丁胺醇联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗支气管哮喘急性发作患者,效果显著,可尽快改善患者的肺功能,不良反应发生率低,安全性高,值得推广应用。  相似文献   
3.

Background

One of the loop diuretics, furosemide, was found useful in bronchial asthma. It enhanced anti-asthmatic effects of albuterol. The underlying mechanism is still unclear.

Objective

This study was planned to investigate whether the enhancing effect of furosemide for albuterol in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic BALB/c mice is diuretic-related or not.

Methods

Two sets of experiments were performed. In the first, effects of inhaled subdiuretic doses of furosemide and bumetanide (another loop diuretic) were compared. Treatments (mg/mL) were given as 15 minute-inhalation before final ovalbumin provocation as follows: albuterol (2.5), furosemide (0.08), bumetanide (0.005), (albuterol + furosemide, 2.5 + 0.08), and (albuterol + bumetanide, 2.5 + 0.005). Airway hyperreactivity (AHR) to inhaled methacholine, levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and differential white blood cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung histopathology were evaluated. In the second set, effects of oral diuretic doses (mg/kg) of furosemide (10) and bumetanide (0.25) were given before final ovalbumin provocation. Urine volume and asthma parameters were measured.

Results

Ovalbumin-asthmatic mice showed significant increases in AHR, levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and inflammatory cells in BALF, and lung inflammatory cell infiltration. Inhaled furosemide significantly decreased these changes while inhaled bumetanide failed. Albuterol and albuterol + bumetanide significantly decreased these changes more than furosemide while albuterol + furosemide produced the most significant decreases. Both oral furosemide and bumetanide exerted equivalent diuretic effects but failed to improve asthma.

Conclusions

Inhaled subdiuretic dose of furosemide enhanced effects of albuterol more in ovalbumin-asthmatic mice rather than bumetanide, while oral diuretic doses of both drugs failed to improve asthma, indicating that this enhancing effect is not diuretic-related.  相似文献   
4.
ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of levalbuterol metered dose inhaler (MDI) in children aged 4-11 years (n = 173).

Research design and methods: Multicenter, randomized, double-blind 28‐day study of QID levalbuterol 90?µg, racemic albuterol 180?µg, and placebo (2:1:1 ratio). Serial spirometry was performed on Days 0, 14, and 28. The primary endpoint was the double-blind average peak percent (%) change in FEV1 from visit pre-dose; the primary comparison was with placebo. Secondary endpoints included the area under the FEV1 percent change from pre-dose curve and peak % predicted FEV1. Safety endpoints included adverse events, laboratory tests, rescue medication use, and electrocardiograms.

Results: Levalbuterol significantly improved the least square mean peak percent change in FEV1 compared with placebo (levalbuterol 25.6% ± 1.3% [p < 0.001]; racemic albuterol 21.8% ± 1.8% [p = ns]; placebo 16.8% ± 1.9%). Results for levalbuterol were similar for the other spirometry endpoints (?p < 0.05 vs. placebo). No levalbuterol-treated patients had a peak percent change in FEV1 < 10% (compared with 15.8% of racemic albuterol-treated patients and 30.3% of placebo-treated patients). The incidence of adverse events was 43.4% for levalbuterol, 56.4% for racemic albuterol, and 51.4% for placebo. The rate of discontinuation was 1.3% for levalbuterol, 2.6% for racemic albuterol, and 8.6% for placebo. The rate of asthma attacks (10.5%, 12.8%, 14.3%, respectively) was similar among treatments. Levalbuterol and racemic albuterol both reduced rescue medication use (?p < 0.01 vs. placebo) and produced changes in ventricular heart rate and QTc‐F that were similar to placebo.

Conclusions: In this study, levalbuterol administered via MDI significantly improved airway function in comparison with placebo in asthmatic children aged 4–11 years with a safety profile that was similar to placebo.  相似文献   
5.
《The Journal of asthma》2013,50(6):531-536
The functional assessment of the response to bronchodilators in 2- to 5-year-old asthmatic children is technically difficult. For this reason, there have been no reports on the effects of long-acting bronchodilators, such as salmeterol, in this age group. Of the several techniques available for measuring resistance to airflow, forced oscillation remains the most adaptable to young children and the most practical for research and clinical use. In this study we used the Jaeger MasterScreen Impulse Oscillometry System to assess the response of 2 to 5 year-old asthmatic children to an inhaled long-acting bronchodilator, salmeterol, by comparing it to the effect of a standard dose of the short-acting bronchodilator, albuterol. We performed a placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study in 10 children aged 2 to 5 years who had a history of physician-diagnosed asthma and who were not on regular controller therapy. At weekly intervals after baseline measurements of reversibility, each child received two inhalations from an albuterol metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with a spacer (200 µg), or placebo MDI with spacer, or two inhalations from a salmeterol MDI (50 µg), or 50 µg from a salmeterol Diskus®. Measurements were obtained at 5, 30, 60, 360, and 540 min, the last time interval only on the salmeterol days. Based on previous studies, total respiratory system reactance at 5 Hz (X5), calculated by the MasterScreen computer from mouth pressure and flow data, was used as the primary efficacy variable. The mean intra-individual variability in X5 was 10.5% (range 3.6% to 17.9%). The mean (SE) changes from baseline X5 at each time point were as follows: for placebo, 9.6 (3.0), 10.1 (2.6), 5.1 (2.9), 6.1 (3.5), p=0.36 vs. baseline; after treatment with albuterol, 32.7 (3.8), 53.9 (1.2), 47.3 (5.4), 18.1 (5.8), p<0.01 vs. baseline at all time points; after salmeterol MDI, 16 (6.4), 28.9 (5.2), 32.7 (3.9), 34.6 (4.4), 31.2 (4.8), p<0.05 at 60, 360, and 540 min; and after salmeterol Diskus®, 16.4 (4.0), 16.9 (6.6), 27.8 (5.9), 28.6 (5.6), 33.8 (4.0), p<0.05 at 540 min. No significant adverse events or electrocardiographic changes were noted at any time. Impulse oscillometry is an acceptable method of assessing airway responses to bronchoactive drugs in this age group. Compared to albuterol and to its effect in older children and adults, the response to salmeterol Diskus® appears to be somewhat blunted in this age group. The MasterScreen system is well suited for pharmacodynamic studies and clinical investigations in pre-school-aged children.  相似文献   
6.
目的 评价复方异丙托溴铵反复雾化吸入治疗支气管哮喘(简称“哮喘”)重度急性发作初始的即刻疗效.方法 106例哮喘重度急性发作患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组使用沙丁胺醇2.5 mg,治疗组使用复方异丙托溴铵1支(内含沙丁胺醇2.5 mg和异丙托溴铵0.5 mg),每20 min雾化吸入一次,连续3次.两组患者都常规吸氧、静脉应用糖皮质激素甲强龙120 mg.治疗前和开始治疗后35 min、70 min和120 min,评估患者血压、心率、呼吸频率和脉搏血氧饱和度等生命体征变化以及症状缓解情况.结果 与治疗前相比,治疗组和对照组患者生命体征都有明显好转(P<0.05);治疗组和对照组患者症状缓解率,在开始治疗后35 min缓解率分别为57.4%和36.5%(P<0.05),70 min时为79.6%和61.5%(P<0.05);120 min时为88.9%和86.5%(P>0.05);两组均无明显的不良反应.结论 对哮喘重度急性发作患者初始治疗时,反复雾化吸入复方异丙托溴铵(沙丁胺醇+异丙托溴铵),能更迅速有效缓解患者的临床症状,优于单独使用沙丁胺醇.  相似文献   
7.
目的探讨硫酸沙丁胺醇治疗支气管哮喘的临床疗效。方法选择支气管哮喘患者60例,随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,观察组给予硫酸沙丁胺醇治疗,对照组给予布地奈德治疗,比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果观察组和对照组的总有效率分别为100%和83.33%,观察组疗效明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论硫酸沙丁胺醇治疗支气管哮喘,能显著改善哮喘症状,改善肺功能,临床疗效较好,且无明显不良反应,值得临床推广。  相似文献   
8.
刘凯 《中国医药导刊》2011,13(10):1760-1761
目的:观察沙丁胺醇联合布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入治疗小儿哮喘的临床疗效。方法46小儿哮喘患者随机分为对照组和治疗组各23例,对照组予以常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用沙丁胺醇联合布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入治疗,观察两组临床症状改善情况。结果治疗组总有效率为95.7%;对照组总有效率为78.3%,治疗组的总有效率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组咳嗽、气喘和啰音等症状、体征消失时间均短于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组出现口咽部刺激感3例,对症处理后症状消失,未见其他不良反应。结论沙丁胺醇联合布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入治疗小儿支气管哮喘临床疗效显著,能迅速使症状减轻或消失。  相似文献   
9.
喘息性小儿支气管炎疗效观察   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:探讨沙丁胺醇联合异丙托溴铵治疗小儿喘息性支气管炎的疗效。方法:将130例患者分成观察组(67例)和对照组(63例),两组均给予氧疗、氢化可的松及氨茶碱治疗,观察组予以0.5%沙丁胺醇0.25ml,0.025%异丙托溴铵0.5ml雾化吸入。结果:观察组总有效率为95.52%,对照组总有效率为82.54%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P〈O.05)。结论:沙丁胺醇联合异丙托溴铵治疗小儿喘息性支气管炎效果显著,值得应用。  相似文献   
10.
王丽琴 《现代医药卫生》2013,(20):3043-3044
目的 观察布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇及异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎的的临床疗效.方法 将120例毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为治疗组和对照组各60例,两组均给予对症支持治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇及异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗,对照组加用沙丁胺醇及异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗.观察两组患儿用药后症状缓解情况、肺部哮鸣音减少或消失时间及住院时间,比较两组疗效.结果 治疗后两组患儿临床症状及体征均有不同程度改善;治疗组在喘息、呼吸困难、肺部哮鸣音持续时间以及住院时间方面均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05).结论 布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇及异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗能提高患儿毛细支气管炎疗效,缩短疗程.  相似文献   
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