结扎速血管闭合切割系统在巨大神经纤维瘤手术中的应用效果

目的：探讨结扎速血管闭合切割系统(LigaSure vessel sealing system, LVSS)在巨大神经纤维瘤手术中的应用效果。方法：选取2013年10月至2020年5月行巨大神经纤维瘤手术的患者22例纳入本研究。传统手术组12例采用常规缝扎电凝止血手术方式,LigaSure组10例采用LigaSure血管闭合切割的手术方式,对比两组患者切除瘤体大小、手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、术后拔管时间及术后并发症情况。结果：两组间患者的一般资料具有可比性。LigaSure组术中出血量、术后引流量、术后拔管时间均较传统手术组显著降低(P＜0.05)。两组间切除瘤体大小、手术时间及术前术后血红蛋白差值无统计学差异。传统手术组出现1例术后皮下积液,予再次引流后伤口愈合良好。结论：LigaSure在手术治疗巨大神经纤维瘤方面的应用安全有效,能显著地减少出血量,简化手术操作,缩短术后恢复时间,值得在临床上进一步推广。     

Ovine Iliac Vein Model for Endovascular Thrombectomy of Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis

An ovine iliac vein thrombosis model was devised to test a wall-contacting rotational thrombectomy device. Thrombosis was successfully induced in 9 sheep with an average clot length of 31 mm ± 12 and >60% vessel occlusion on angiography. The thrombus was subsequently removed, maintaining normal intraoperative pulmonary arterial pressure (5.9 mm Hg ± 3.6) and complete distal reperfusion after thrombectomy. Additionally, the sheep were without signs of vascular trauma or embolic complications on gross necropsy and histopathologic analysis. The findings from this study support the use of an ovine iliac deep vein thrombosis model for testing of a lower extremity thrombectomy device.     

补脾益肾方联合温针灸治疗重症肌无力疗效及对患者免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨补脾益肾方联合温针灸治疗对重症肌无力(MG)疗效及对免疫功能的影响。方法:随机分配84例MG病例为西药组和针药组,每组各42例,西药组给予常规西药治疗,即泼尼松片中剂量冲击,小剂量隔日维持治疗,针药组基于以上用药基础给予补脾益肾方联合温针灸治疗,治疗3个月后,统计两组治疗前后的中医证候积分,评估两组中医证候疗效,对比治疗前后的颈部血管流速、T淋巴细胞亚群水平和血清可溶性白细胞介素6受体水平。结果:治疗后,两组中医证候积分显著降低,针药组的变化幅度大于西药组(P<0.05); 针药组的中医证候总有效率低于西药组(P<0.05); 治疗后,两组颈内动脉(ICA)、颈总动脉(CCA)、颈外动脉(ECA)显著提高(P<0.05),两组T淋巴细胞中CD₃⁺、CD₄⁺亚群所占比和CD₈⁺、CD₄⁺比值显著降低(P<0.05),两组血清slL-6R水平均显著降低(P<0.05),以上指标针药组变化幅度大于西药组(P<0.05)。结论:补脾益肾方联合温针灸治疗能缓解MG患者的中医证候症状,提高疗效,促进其颈部血管循环,纠正患者自身机体免疫功能紊乱。     

64层螺旋CT三维成像在腹部来源不明肿瘤诊断中的应用效果

目的:探讨64层螺旋CT三维成像在腹部来源不明肿瘤诊断中的应用效果。方法:采用回顾性、总结性研究方法，选择2014年6月到2018年2月在我院经手术病理证实的腹部来源不明肿瘤患者122例，术中病理诊断为良性肿瘤42例(良性组)和恶性肿瘤80例(恶性组)，所有患者都给予64层螺旋CT三维扫描与重建，记录影像学特征，判断诊断效果。结果:良性组与恶性组的CT图像质量主观评分分别为(3.89±0.45)分和(4.54±0.34)分，对比差异有统计学意义(P=0.018)。恶性组平扫期、动脉期、门脉期的CT值都显著高于良性组(P＜0.05)。在122例患者中，以CPR/MPR/VR/MIP显示肿瘤供血动脉100例，占比82.0%。恶性组中79例中显示供血动脉，良性肿瘤中21例显示供血动脉，对比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。CT判断恶性肿瘤79例，良性肿瘤43例，对腹部来源不明肿瘤的诊断敏感性与特异性分别为98.8%和100.0%。结论:腹部肿瘤来源不同，特别增大时诊断困难；64层螺旋CT三维成像可立体、直观地显示肿瘤形态及与周围器官的关系，而且可以显示肿瘤血供，为手术提供可靠依据。     

Long term outcomes after bare metal stent implantation

Long term outcome data after BMS implant is not available from the Indian subcontinent. This is a prospective observational study which aims to study long term outcomes after BMS implant at a tertiary care centre. 100 consecutive patients underwent BMS implant and were followed up for 20 years. LAD was the most common vessel involved and different types of BMS were implanted. All-cause mortality was noted in 21% (n = 21) whereas cardiac mortality was seen in 16% (n = 16). Cumulative revascularisation free survival at 20 years was 71%. The study showed that long term outcomes after BMS implant were fare and acceptable.     

显微血管减压术治疗舌咽神经痛的临床疗效分析

目的探讨显微血管减压术(MVD)治疗舌咽神经痛(GPN)的安全性及远期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析39例行显微血管减压术治疗的舌咽神经痛患者的临床资料。所有患者均采用乙状窦后-幕下入路进行显微血管减压手术,术后定期随访。结果所有患者术后早期疗效显著,随访时间为1~9年,平均为4.9年。随访过程中1例患者术后2年出现舌咽神经痛症状复发,1例患者术后1.5年舌咽神经痛症状部分复发。术后出现声音嘶哑及吞咽困难患者4例、脑脊液漏患者1例,均在随访过程中恢复。结论显微血管减压术是治疗舌咽神经痛安全有效且远期效果良好的方法,术前影像学检查对于责任血管的判断有重要意义。     

Physiological determinants of residual cerebral arterial pulsatility on best medical treatment after TIA or minor stroke

Cerebral arterial pulsatility is strongly associated with cerebral small vessel disease and lacunar stroke yet its dependence on central versus local haemodynamic processes is unclear. In a population-based study of patients on best medical managment, 4–6 weeks after a TIA or non-disabling stroke, arterial stiffness and aortic systolic, diastolic and pulse pressures were measured (Sphygmocor). Middle cerebral artery peak and trough flow velocities and Gosling’s pulsatility index were measured by transcranial ultrasound. In 981 participants, aortic and cerebral pulsatility rose strongly with age in both sexes, but aortic diastolic pressure fell more with age in men whilst cerebral trough velocity fell more in women. There was no significant association between aortic systolic or diastolic blood pressure with cerebral peak or trough flow velocity but aortic pulse pressure explained 37% of the variance in cerebral arterial pulsatility, before adjustment, whilst 49% of the variance was explained by aortic pulse pressure, arterial stiffness, age, gender and cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, arterial stiffness partially mediated the relationship between aortic and cerebral pulsatility. Overall, absolute aortic pressures and cerebral blood flow velocity were poorly correlated but aortic and cerebral pulsatility were strongly related, suggesting a key role for transmission of aortic pulsatility to the brain.     

磁共振弥散张量成像在脑小血管病中的应用进展

随着人口老龄化进程的加速,脑小血管病(CSVD)的发病率也在不断上升,其导致的多种症状严重影响了患者的生活质量。MRI弥散张量成像(DTI)作为新近发展的影像技术,有无创显示白质纤维超微结构等优点,已被广泛用于疾病早期诊断、病情预测、治疗评估等多方面的研究。本文即就DTI技术在CSVD中的研究现状和未来发展前景进行综述。     

Aortic flow after valve sparing root replacement with or without neosinuses reconstruction

Objectives

This study applied advanced 4-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging processing to assess differences in aortic flow dynamics after valve sparing root replacement, with and without reconstruction of the Valsalva sinuses.