脑络康缓释胶囊的制备工艺和体外释放度的研究

以羟丙甲基纤维素作为主要的缓释辅料,采用正交设计方法优化处方研制成脑络康缓释胶囊.以人参皂苷的累积释放量作为考察指标,按照<药典>规定的缓释制剂的释放度进行优选.结果:最佳的处方工艺即羟丙甲基纤维素216 mg,乙基纤维素24 mg,混合稀释剂132 mg,释放曲线符合Higuchi动力学模型.     

国产长效皮下埋植剂和Norplant的药物体外释放比较

本文研究了国产18-甲基炔诺酮硅橡胶长效皮下埋植剂的药物体外释放,并与进口Norplant进行了比较。释放试验采用水平振荡法,实验条件符合“漏槽”状态的要求。用紫外分光光度法在240 nm波长处测定18-甲基炔诺酮每天的体外释放量。二年多体外释放试验的实验结果表明:国产埋植剂的药物体外释放无爆破效应,释药速度稳定,为零级速度。平均每天释放量为85μg。体外释放的重现性好。进口Norplant则有明显的爆破效应,经10天释放,才趋于稳定,平均每天释药量为68μg。     

甘木通的离体快繁

本研究初步建立快速培养甘木通组培苗的体系.以幼茎段为外植体,最适的诱导愈伤组织的培养基为MS NAA 0.1 mg/L 6-BA 0.5 mg/L(单位下同);不定芽诱导和增殖的培养基为MS NAA 0.05 6-BA 0.5,壮苗生根培养基为MS NAA 0.1.经炼苗后,组培苗移栽成活率达78%左右.     

Postural Behaviour Responses to Visual Stimulation in Patients with Vestibular Disorders

Patients with different vestibular disorders exhibit changes in postural behaviour when they receive visual stimuli, reproducing environmental stimulation. Postural control was studied using an AMTI Accusway platform, measuring the confidential ellipse (CE) and sway velocity (SV). Postural responses were recorded according to the following stimulation paradigm: i) without specific stimuli; ii) smooth pursuit with pure sinusoids of 0.2 Hz (foveal stimulation); and iii) optokinetic stimulation (retinal stimuli). Patients with central vestibular disorders (CVD), cerebellar damage and unilateral peripheral vestibular lesions (UPVL) in asymptomatic periods were studied. A group of normal subjects was studied as control. Signal processing was done with a scalogram by wavelets in order to observe the relation between time and frequency in postural control. While patients with CVD and cerebellar disease showed a significant increase in CE and SV in the three conditions of the paradigm compared to the normal group, the patients with UPVL showed no change. Wavelets processing showed that the main sway occurs in the Y axis (antero-posterior) and below at 0.4 Hz in normal subjects, while the CVD and cerebellar patients showed sway frequencies in both the X and Y axes. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.     

Efficacy of Random-start Controlled Ovarian Stimulation in Cancer Patients

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of random-start controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in cancer patients for emergency fertility preservation. In this retrospective comparative study, 22 patients diagnosed with cancer and 44 infertile women undergoing conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) were included. In cancer patients, ovarian stimulation was started on the day of referral, irrespective of their menstrual cycle date. The control group was selected by age matching among women undergoing conventional IVF. COS outcomes were compared between groups. The number of total and mature oocytes retrieved and the oocyte maturity rate were higher in the random-start group than in the conventional-start group. However, duration of ovarian stimulation was longer in the random-start group (11.4 vs. 10.3 days, P = 0.004). The addition of letrozole to lower the estradiol level during COS did not adversely affect total oocytes retrieved. However, oocyte maturity rate was lower in cycles with letrozole than in cycles without letrozole (71.6% vs. 58.2%, P = 0.019). Our study confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of random-start COS in cancer patients.

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Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels in the Follicular Fluid of the Preovulatory Follicle: A Predictor for Oocyte Fertilization and Quality of Embryo

This prospective study investigated the relationship between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level in the follicular fluid (FF) and the quality of the oocyte and embryo. A total of 65 FF samples from 54 women were included in this study. FF was collected from the largest preovulatory follicle sized≥20 mm of mean diameter from each ovary. Samples were divided into 3 groups according to the FF AMH levels: below the 33th percentile (low group, FF AMH<2.1 ng/mL, n=21), between the 33th and the 67th percentile (intermediate group, FF AMH=2.1-3.6 ng/mL, n=22), and above the 67th percentile (high group, FF AMH>3.6 ng/mL, n=22). The quality of the ensuing oocytes and embryos was evaluated by fertilization rate and embryo score. FF AMH levels correlated positively with the matched embryo score on day 3 after fertilization (r=0.331, P=0.015). The normal fertilization rate was significantly lower in the low group than in the intermediate group (61.9% vs. 95.5% vs. 77.3%, respectively, P=0.028). Our results suggest that the FF AMH level could be a predictor of the ensuing oocyte and embryo quality.

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Bromocriptine prevents neuron damage following inhibition of superoxide dismutase in cultured ventral spinal cord neurons

Abstract

Rpsen et al. have reported point mutations in the cytosolic Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD 1) gene in some families with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To determine whether decreased SOD activity could contribute to neuronal damage, rat embryo ventral spinal cord neurons were incubated with diethyldithiocarbamate (DOC), an inhibitor of SOD. There was a marked increase in neuronal damage in cultures exposed to DOC and this phenomenon was dose-related. In this paradigm, these deteriorative changes were prevented by bromocriptine. DOC-treated ventral spinal cord neurons provide an in vitro model of free radical neurotoxicity secondary to decreased SOD activity. Simultaneous treatment with bromocriptine and DOC reduced neurotoxicity, indicating that bromocriptine has a neuroprotective effect against free radicals. [Neural Res 1997; 19: 389-392]     

低氧培养环境对高龄患者体外受精-胚胎移植结局的影响

目的：探讨低氧（5% O2）培养环境对高龄（≥38岁）患者体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）临床结局的影响。方法：回顾性分析2015年9月1日-2017年6月1日在广东省韶关市妇幼保健计划生育服务中心生殖医学中心采用常规长方案或拮抗剂方案行IVF治疗并于受精后第3天移植的高龄患者（≥38岁）的283个周期,按其培养环境不同分为低氧组（5% O2,共120个周期）和常氧组（20% O2,共163个周期）,比较2组间的正常受精率、卵裂率、可用胚胎率、优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率、种植率及早期流产率等。结果：2组的正常受精率、卵裂率、可用胚胎率、生化妊娠率、临床妊娠率、种植率、早期流产率及活产率比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）,但低氧组的优质胚胎率显著高于常氧组（P＜0.05）。结论：低氧培养环境可有效提高高龄患者优质胚胎率,但并不能改善高龄患者的IVF-ET结局。     

人精子顶体反应检测临床应用价值探讨

[目的]检测Ca2 载体A23187诱导精子顶体反应(AR)率,探讨其临床应用价值。[方法]对51例患者检测A23187诱导精子AR率,分析其与精液常规分析、宫腔内人工授精(IUI)、体外受精(IVF)、单精子卵泡浆内注射(ICSI)结果的关系。[结果]①精液常规分析对诱导AR率的相关性不显著;②诱导AR率低于18.1%理论值时,IVF受精率理论值为0;③3次IUI失败者AR率较受精正常者降低(P<0.05)。④不明原因不育者精子AR率与IVF受精率、卵裂率关系呈正相关(r=0.89,P<0.05),与ICSI受精率、卵裂率无显著关系;用ICSI治疗,其受精率、妊娠率高于IVF治疗组。⑤IVF受精不良病例AR率低,用ICSI治疗后受精率、优质胚胎率升高(P<0.05)。[结论]Ca2 载体A23187诱导顶体反应能预测精子的受精能力,有助于男性不育的临床诊断与治疗。     

药用紫锥菊叶片离体培养技术研究

目的研究药用紫锥菊叶片离体培养技术,建立最佳培养条件。方法在紫锥菊的种子苗上采取叶片,接种到附加不同生长物质的培养基中,诱导其成为完整植株。结果对于药用紫锥菊的叶片,适宜在MS IBA 2 mg/L NAA 1 mg/L培养基上分化成苗;在MS IBA 0.2 mg/L BA 0.7 mg/L GA 0.5 mg/L培养基上增殖,增殖率可达5~6;无根苗在1/2MS IBA 0.5 mg/L NAA 0.1 mg/L培养基上迅速长根,生根率很高。结论采用药用紫锥菊的叶片作为外植体,利用组织培养的方法能够实现种苗的工厂化快速繁殖。