镇江市护士分层培训及分层进阶现况分析

目的调查镇江市各医院护士分层培训及分层进阶的方法及现状。方法2018年4—5月间采用自行设计的调查问卷,对全市医院的护理人员进行随机抽样调查。结果调查显示镇江市96.45%的护士受医院分层培训及分层进阶这一模式的管理。其中N1占16.77%,N2占29.5%,N3占41.9%,N4占8.7%,其他占3.11%。有24.53%的护士对医院目前的分层培训方式感到满意并认为无需改进,40.99%的护士表示满意,但需要改进,29.19%的护士表示基本满意,需要改进,5.28%的护士表示不满意需要较大改进。95.82%的医院科室对不用层级的护士有不同的核心能力要求并根据不同核心能力要求进行培训。结论护士分层培训几分层进阶这一管理模式在镇江各医院都有体现,但各医院实行的方式有较大差异,配套的管理方式也有待完善。     

顽固性下颌磨牙根尖周炎患者的治疗和护理讨论

目的治疗顽固性下颌磨牙根尖周炎。并尽量减少对牙周膜的机械性损伤。方法采用下牙槽神经阻滞麻醉,并配合局部麻醉。拔牙钳的尖置放于釉牙骨质界以上,采用颊舌向摆动的方式将患牙拔下。在不断滴有生理盐水的条件下,立即用高速车针磨除患牙根尖2￣3mm的牙体组织,根管内3￣5mm深的充填物要用圆钻将其清除,再用牙胶尖和氢氧化钙糊剂充填。将患牙再植入牙槽窝之前,务必用生理盐水将牙槽窝冲洗干净,要求严格控制在15分钟内完成再植,并尽量减少对牙周膜的机械性损伤。再植牙齿一般不需要夹板固定,必要时可采用缝线缝合固定。结果我们选择的5例患者,术后随访1￣2年,1例患者再植失败,4例患者再植成功。结论特异性再植术治疗顽固性下颌磨牙根尖周炎疗效理想,而且较易掌握。     

医护人员对术后痛和术后止痛态度的调查

目的 调查了解医护人员术后痛和术后止痛的认识和态度。方法 用问卷式调查表采取面对面方式调查了本院130名医护人员。结果 ①128人（98.5%）完成答卷。②绝大多数认为应控制术后痛，但约40%不知道术后痛可致并发症。③有20%-50%的人对术后止痛有误解。④仅半数人了解术后止痛用药现状。⑤认为术后止痛应主要由外科医师和麻醉医师负责者分别占55.5%和35.9%。⑥绝大多数认为术后止痛宣传力度不够。⑦对本院术后镇痛工作评价良好。⑧非手术科室人员在某些方面不如手术科室更了解。结论 医护人员术后止痛意识较好，但仍有许多不足之处。有必要进一步加强医护人员术后止痛意识的教育。     

Postoperative analgesia: pain by choice? The influence of patient attitudes and patient education

Postoperative pain control can be unsatisfactory for a variety of reasons, including patients' attitudes towards pain treatment itself. To assess patients' expectations and their influence on postoperative analgesia, as well as the prevalence of pain following common gynaecological surgery, a prospective study was performed in 166 patients with either adbominal hysterectomy, mastectomy, laparoscopy or uterine curettage. After a first postoperative period with routine on-demand analgesia, a nurse specialised in pain treatment discussed the purposes and risks of pain treatment with the patients and cared for these patients in the second, subsequent study period. Following this discussion, 30 of 40 patients refusing analgesics in the first study period agreed to be given pain medication. In the groups with hysterectomy or mastectomy, pain control improved in the second postoperative period, even though the doses of analgesics administered were generally lower. Education of patients regarding the aims and risks of pain therapy is an essential part of pain control and can lead to an improvement of postoperative analgesia.     

澳门与广州两地护士焦虑和抑郁的比较研究

澳门是个多元文化的地区 ,被葡萄牙管治 4 0 0余年 ,受葡文化影响深远 ,澳门人口以广东籍后代居多 ,部分来自福建等地区及印尼归侨 ,另一部分来自葡萄牙、缅甸、菲律宾等国家 ,小部分是中葡结合的后代。葡语及中文是官方语言 ,市民日常沟通以广州话为主 ,英语也很通行 ,回归前后才推广普通话。澳门地域面积小就业范围较窄 ,职业多为手工业、纺织业、旅游业及少数专业人士 (医生、律师、工程师等 )。澳门仁伯爵医院已有 12 0多年历史 ,最初是由名叫仁伯爵的葡萄牙军人创办的军医院 ,后由政府接管归澳门卫生司管理 ,是一所综合医院 ,医院护士…     

Effects of participatory workplace improvement program on stress-related biomarkers and self-reported stress among university hospital nurses: a preliminary study

Although participatory workplace improvement programs are known to provide favorable effects on high stress occupations like nursing, no studies have confirmed its effect using biomarkers. The aim of this study was to determine whether a participatory workplace improvement program would decrease stress-related symptoms as evaluated by biomarkers and self-reported stress among hospital nurses. Three actions to alleviate job stress, which were determined through focus group interviews and voting, were undertaken for two months. A total of 31 female Japanese nurses underwent measurement of inflammatory markers, autonomic nervous activity (ANA), and perceived job stress (PJS) at three-time points; before the program (T1), within a week after the completion of the program (T2), and three months after the program (T3). A series of inflammatory markers (Interferon-γ, Interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-12/23p40) decreased significantly at T2, and IL-12/23p40 and IL-15 significantly decreased at T3 compared to T1, while ANA and PJS remained unchanged. Our participatory program exerted beneficial effects in reducing inflammatory responses, but not for ANA and PJS. Further investigations with a better study design, i.e., a randomized controlled trial, and a larger sample size are warranted to determine what exerted beneficial effects on inflammatory markers and why other outcomes remained unchanged.     

荆州市两所医院护士睡眠质量及其相关因素调查分析

目的了解护士睡眠质量并分析影响睡眠的相关因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法,以匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、爱泼沃斯思睡量表（ESS）以及睡眠质量影响因素调查表评定两所三级甲等医院护士的睡眠情况和影响因素。结果发出问卷290份,收回有效问卷245份。PSQI得分（5．88±3．46）分,27．3％的护士睡眠质量较差。ESS得分与PSQI睡眠指数呈明显的负相关,ESS评分越高,护士睡眠质量越差。结论采取措施,改善环境,提高睡眠质量,加强护理人员的睡眠知识教育。     

跨院帮扶肿瘤专科护理信息化平台的构建及应用

目的构建跨院帮扶肿瘤专科护理信息化平台(以下简称平台),并评价其应用效果。方法组建研究小组并构建平台,选取受帮扶医院肿瘤专科护士58名,平台应用前(2019年5月—8月)进行常规帮扶,平台应用后(2019年9月—12月)基于平台进行帮扶。比较平台应用前后专科护士管理效果、同质化护理质量、帮扶效果评分,调查肿瘤专科护士应用平台的满意度。结果构建的平台包括3个分平台:远程协助信息化分平台、专科基地信息化分平台、专科护士资源共享分平台。(1)平台应用后,专科护士管理效果(包括专科护理会诊、肿瘤专科技术指导、专科护理查房、专科护理讲座、教学查房、专科护士培训及考核进修人次)均高于平台应用前(P<0.05);各帮扶医院同质化护理质量提高,化疗药物外渗发生率、肿瘤患者上报异常事件发生率和中心静脉导管感染发生率均低于平台应用前,中心静脉导管院外维护率和癌痛筛查率均高于平台应用前(P<0.05)。(2)除科研研究项目外,平台应用后肿瘤专科护士理论知识学习、实践指导工作、护理团队建设3项评分和帮扶效果总分均较平台应用前提高(P<0.001);(3)肿瘤专科护士对平台的应用较为满意。结论...     

精神科护士心理健康状况分析

目的了解精神科护士心理健康状况。方法用症状自评量表(SCL-90),对芜湖市精神病医院30名护士进行调查。结果精神科护士SCL-90量表阳性项目平均分、人际关系、精神病性因子分低于中国常模,其它各因子分两者无统计学差异。结论精神科护士心理健康状况较好。