顽固性下颌磨牙根尖周炎患者的治疗和护理讨论

目的治疗顽固性下颌磨牙根尖周炎。并尽量减少对牙周膜的机械性损伤。方法采用下牙槽神经阻滞麻醉,并配合局部麻醉。拔牙钳的尖置放于釉牙骨质界以上,采用颊舌向摆动的方式将患牙拔下。在不断滴有生理盐水的条件下,立即用高速车针磨除患牙根尖2￣3mm的牙体组织,根管内3￣5mm深的充填物要用圆钻将其清除,再用牙胶尖和氢氧化钙糊剂充填。将患牙再植入牙槽窝之前,务必用生理盐水将牙槽窝冲洗干净,要求严格控制在15分钟内完成再植,并尽量减少对牙周膜的机械性损伤。再植牙齿一般不需要夹板固定,必要时可采用缝线缝合固定。结果我们选择的5例患者,术后随访1￣2年,1例患者再植失败,4例患者再植成功。结论特异性再植术治疗顽固性下颌磨牙根尖周炎疗效理想,而且较易掌握。     

Postoperative analgesia: pain by choice? The influence of patient attitudes and patient education

Postoperative pain control can be unsatisfactory for a variety of reasons, including patients' attitudes towards pain treatment itself. To assess patients' expectations and their influence on postoperative analgesia, as well as the prevalence of pain following common gynaecological surgery, a prospective study was performed in 166 patients with either adbominal hysterectomy, mastectomy, laparoscopy or uterine curettage. After a first postoperative period with routine on-demand analgesia, a nurse specialised in pain treatment discussed the purposes and risks of pain treatment with the patients and cared for these patients in the second, subsequent study period. Following this discussion, 30 of 40 patients refusing analgesics in the first study period agreed to be given pain medication. In the groups with hysterectomy or mastectomy, pain control improved in the second postoperative period, even though the doses of analgesics administered were generally lower. Education of patients regarding the aims and risks of pain therapy is an essential part of pain control and can lead to an improvement of postoperative analgesia.     

澳门与广州两地护士焦虑和抑郁的比较研究

澳门是个多元文化的地区 ,被葡萄牙管治 4 0 0余年 ,受葡文化影响深远 ,澳门人口以广东籍后代居多 ,部分来自福建等地区及印尼归侨 ,另一部分来自葡萄牙、缅甸、菲律宾等国家 ,小部分是中葡结合的后代。葡语及中文是官方语言 ,市民日常沟通以广州话为主 ,英语也很通行 ,回归前后才推广普通话。澳门地域面积小就业范围较窄 ,职业多为手工业、纺织业、旅游业及少数专业人士 (医生、律师、工程师等 )。澳门仁伯爵医院已有 12 0多年历史 ,最初是由名叫仁伯爵的葡萄牙军人创办的军医院 ,后由政府接管归澳门卫生司管理 ,是一所综合医院 ,医院护士…     

Effects of participatory workplace improvement program on stress-related biomarkers and self-reported stress among university hospital nurses: a preliminary study

Although participatory workplace improvement programs are known to provide favorable effects on high stress occupations like nursing, no studies have confirmed its effect using biomarkers. The aim of this study was to determine whether a participatory workplace improvement program would decrease stress-related symptoms as evaluated by biomarkers and self-reported stress among hospital nurses. Three actions to alleviate job stress, which were determined through focus group interviews and voting, were undertaken for two months. A total of 31 female Japanese nurses underwent measurement of inflammatory markers, autonomic nervous activity (ANA), and perceived job stress (PJS) at three-time points; before the program (T1), within a week after the completion of the program (T2), and three months after the program (T3). A series of inflammatory markers (Interferon-γ, Interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-12/23p40) decreased significantly at T2, and IL-12/23p40 and IL-15 significantly decreased at T3 compared to T1, while ANA and PJS remained unchanged. Our participatory program exerted beneficial effects in reducing inflammatory responses, but not for ANA and PJS. Further investigations with a better study design, i.e., a randomized controlled trial, and a larger sample size are warranted to determine what exerted beneficial effects on inflammatory markers and why other outcomes remained unchanged.     

临床护士心理弹性与共情疲劳相关性的Meta分析

目的 采用Meta分析的方法评价临床护士心理弹性与共情疲劳的相关性。方法 检索美国科学引文索引网络版数据库(Web of Science)、世界医学文献数据库(PubMed)、Ovid电子期刊全文数据库、EBSCO护理学全文学术期刊(CINAHL)、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库和维普全文电子期刊,检索时限为2001年1月—2021年10月,查找关于临床护士心理弹性与共情疲劳相关性的文献。由2名研究人员根据纳入、排除标准独立筛选、评价文献。提取资料后,使用RevMan 5.2进行Meta分析。结果 共计纳入4项研究,文献质量中等。Meta分析结果显示,护士心理弹性与共情疲劳合并相关系数为-0.22,亚组分析显示,ICU护士心理弹性与共情疲劳水平相关系数高于全院护士。结论 临床护士的心理弹性水平越高,其共情疲劳的程度越低,ICU护士心理弹性与共情疲劳水平相关性更高。建议护理管理者加大对于临床护士心理弹性建立的支持,减少共情疲劳对临床护士工作的影响。     

护士生命质量与工作满意度的相关研究

目的 探讨护士生命质量、工作满意度状况及其相关性分析.方法 应用WHOQOL-100量表和Mueller/McCloskey满意度量表(MMSS)对随机抽取的606名护士进行问卷调查,结果用SPSS统计软件进行分析.结果 (1)护士的生命质量低于普通人群(P<0.05);(2)护士对自己工作总体满意程度不高,对工作报酬满意度最低;(3)护士生命质量与工作满意度呈正相关(P<0.01).结论 护士的生活质量、工作满意度不容乐观,应针对不同群体采取不同措施来改善和提高护士的工作满意度,从而改善护士的职业生命质量,并为患者提供优质服务.     

团队式培训方法对提高病房护士基础生命支持急救技能的效果研究

目的探讨团队式的培训方法对提高病房护士基础生命支持急救技能的影响。 方法选取2016年1月至12月在病房工作的81名护士作为对照组，给予传统的培训方法。选取2017年4月至2018年3月在病房工作的90名护士作为实验组，给予团队式培训方法。比较两组护士BLS探查和启动EMSS时间、胸外心脏按压质量、人工通气有效性和抢救药物使用的考核分值。同时比较两个时间段内病房护士因患者发生非预期性心搏呼吸骤停呼叫"院内24 h生命救援队"和ROSC的例数占比。 结果实验组护士在BLS探查时间，EMSS启动时间，胸外心脏按压质量，人工通气和抢救用药方面得分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。实验组护士呼叫"院内24 h生命救援队"的例数占比明显低于对照组(P<0.05)，但两组之间ROSC的例数占比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论团队式的培训方法开展后，不但提高了病房护士基础生命支持急救技能正确性和实效性，而且降低了启动"院内24 h生命救援队"的频次。     

现阶段基层护理人力资源管理的难点分析及策略

目的：探讨提高基层医院护理人力资源管理的方法。方法：分析现阶段基层医院护理人力资源管理难点,提出积极应对的管理策略。结果：该院护士职业满意度和住院患者对护士的满意度均达到95%。结论：合理配置及调配护理人力资源,提高护理人员工作积极性,加强培训,可提高护士职业满意度和住院患者对护理工作的满意度。