冷热循环对不同金属与树脂粘接剂粘接强度的影响

目的：冷热循环对不同金属与树脂粘接剂粘接强度的影响。方法：铸造直径分别为4mm和5mm的镍铬合金和纯钛,切割成长度为3mm的标本。2种规格的同种金属标本配对,金属表面经50μmAlzO3喷砂,涂布Al—loy Primer,使用Super—BondC＆B和PanaviaF2种粘接剂粘接。固化后经37℃恒温水浴24h以及10000次冷热循环,测试剪切粘接强度。用spssl7．0统计软件进行统计分析。结果：10000次冷热循环后,镍铬合金与Super—BondC＆B、纯钛与PanaviaF粘接强度显著提高（P〈O．01）,其余各组没有统计学差异。结论：粘接剂的种类对冷热循环前后的粘接强度没有明显影响,金属的种类对冷热循环前后的粘接强度没有明显影响,但是不同金属和不同粘接剂的配伍组合在冷热循环前后的粘接强度变化有统计学意义。     

Laser Surface Alloying of Sintered Stainless Steel

A characteristic feature of sintered stainless steel (SSS) is its porosity. Porosity results in a lower density of steel, making attractive components for producing lightweight structures and materials used in industry (e.g., the automotive industry or aerospace). Scientists also observe that porosity adversely affects steel’s properties, especially its strength properties. One of the proposals for improving the discussed properties is the use of surface treatment of sintered stainless steels, e.g., with the use of concentrated energy sources such as plasma beams or laser beams. However, this proposal is an incidental subject of research, which is not justified from the point of view of the obtained research results presented by a few research groups. In this study, the surface modification (surface treatment) of sintered stainless steel was presented. The authors proposed the use of two surface treatments in order to compare them and obtain the best results. The first treatment was the deposit of Cr₃C₂–NiCr coatings on SSS surfaces using the atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) method. The second treatment was to create surface layers on SSSs by laser alloying the surface with a CO₂ laser. Due to high precision and ease of automation, the most common methods in surface alloying treatment are laser technologies. This research’s main aim was to analyze the microstructure and strength properties of the SSS surface layer. The research confirms that applying the Cr₃C₂–NiCr coating and modifying the surface layer through the laser alloying method improves the mechanical properties of SSSs.     

Analysis and Comparison of the Corrosive Behavior of Nickel-Based and Cobalt-Based Dental Alloys

Nickel-based and cobalt-based metal alloys are frequently used in dentistry. The introduction of various elements in the alloy changes its characteristics, and a thorough study of each alloy should be completed to determine its appropriate corrosion resistance and biocompatibility in contact with physiological fluids. There are scarce investigations on these widely used dental alloys in Ringer solution, and findings in this research bring new experimental data and information. The present study evaluated and compared the corrosion behavior of six NiCr- and two CoCr-based dental materials in Ringer solution, using the following techniques: potentiostatic polarization curves (chronoamperometry), microstructural analysis, and EIS (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy). The results obtained in this investigation showed that in the NiCr-based specimens Ni4, Ni5, and Ni6 the stability of the passive layer was destroyed after polarization and a development and growth of stable pits was found in the microstructural analysis after electrochemical treatment. In terms of susceptibility to corrosion, two different groups of specimens were derived from this investigation. A first group which included the two CoCr (Co1 and Co2) and three of the six NiCr alloys studied (Ni1, Ni2, and Ni3). A second group with the other NiCr alloys investigated Ni4, Ni5, and Ni6.     

用环压缩法测量等离子喷涂NiCr涂层的弹性模量

用环压缩法测量等离子喷涂NiCr涂层的弹性模量,并将测量结果与单纯拉伸法测量得到的NiCr涂层两个典型方向的弹性模量进行比较。结果表明:测量结果与文献报道的结果相当,表明环压缩法是测量涂层弹性模量的简便可行的方法。通过该方法测量得到的涂层弹性模量介于通过单纯拉伸测量得到的平行于涂层方向与垂直于涂层方向的弹性模量之间,说明环压缩法测量得到的涂层弹性模量为两个方向的综合表现。     

镍铬、钴铬合金和纯钛在人工唾液中的耐腐蚀性评价

目的:用电化学交流阻抗谱方法研究钴铬、镍铬合金和纯钛在人工唾液中的耐腐蚀性。方法:用电化学工作站测量出3种金属材料在人工唾液中的电化学阻抗谱(Bode图、Nyquist图),利用ZSimpWin软件对数据进行拟合分析,根据等效电路R(CR)拟合结果来评估3种金属的耐腐蚀性能。结果:从Nyquist图可见,3种材料的容抗弧半径大小依次为纯钛>钴铬合金>镍铬合金;从Bode图见,3种材料均为一个时间常数,即表面均是一个电容层。根据等效电路R(CR),3种材料的电容层无明显区别,但三者的阻抗值均很大,其中纯钛的阻抗值最大,钴铬合金的阻抗值居中,镍铬合金的阻抗值最小。结论:3种材料在人工唾液中均具有良好的耐腐蚀性,其耐腐蚀性能顺序是纯钛>钴铬合金>镍铬合金。     

Brewed Robusta Coffee Increases Nickel Ion Release from Dental Alloys: An In Vitro Study

Alloys in oral cavity always interact with dynamic oral environment, such as pH, temperature, salivary conditions, and dietary habits. Coffee can further decrease pH in the oral cavity. Thus, coffee may increase the release of metal ions that may lead to various health diseases. This study aimed to quantitively investigate the effect of brewed Robusta coffee on the nickel ion release and their morphological structures; Methods: 20 alloy specimens were divided into 4 groups and placed in solutions for 48 and 168 h: (1) distilled water, (2) artificial saliva, (3) Robusta coffee, and (4) mixture of artificial saliva and Robusta coffee. AAS, XRF, and SEM were used for examinations; Results: The release of Ni²⁺ was found in all groups and robust release were found in the coffee only and mixture of coffee + artificial saliva solution after 168 h. Likewise, SEM showed that internal oxidation was high after 168 h of immersion; Conclusions: The concentration of nickel increased in saliva of low pH due to brewed coffee. Though the release of these ions is still within the tolerable amount in human body, it should be realized that it usually lasts for months or years. Dentists should be cautious when using instructions for patients with a history of allergies especially for dietary with low acidity.     

下颌第一恒磨牙牙体缺损不同桩核材料全冠修复的应力分析

目的:对根管治疗后下颌第一恒磨牙较大远中(牙合)面牙体缺损铸造镍铬合金桩核全冠及金合金桩核全冠修复进行三维有限元应力分析,为临床修复材料的选择提供一定的理论依据.方法:通过三维激光扫描、三维造型设计建立了下颌第一恒磨牙髓室壁未破坏和髓室壁部分破坏的最大远中(牙合)面牙体缺损铸造镍铬合金桩核全冠或金合金桩核全冠修复的三维有限元模型.观察4种载荷下牙本质Mohr应力分布并比较牙本质最大Mohr值.结果:在最大、垂直、斜向载荷下,两种桩核全冠修复牙本质最大Mohr值均明显小于牙本质拉伸极限强度,镍铬合金桩核全冠修复的大于金合金桩核全冠修复,并且镍铬合金桩核全冠修复最大应力分布在最大载荷及水平载荷下更向根方分布.在水平载荷下牙本质最大Mohr值均有急剧增加,接近或超过牙本质拉伸极限强度.结论:金合金桩核全冠修复优于镍铬合金桩核全冠修复.