鹿茸口服液促进RNA和蛋白质合成作用的研究

目的：研究鹿茸口服液对青年及老年小鼠RNA和蛋白质合成的作用。方法：观察口服鹿茸口服液对小鼠肝RNA和蛋白质含量及^3H-Uridine和^3H-Leucine掺入的影响。结果：鹿茸口服液可明显增加老年小鼠肝RNA和蛋白质含量及[^3H]Uridine和[^3H]Leucine掺入RNA和蛋白质，作用明显强于青年小鼠。结论：鹿茸口服液对老年小鼠RNA和蛋白质合成有明显促进作用。     

甘精胰岛素与瑞格列奈能互补

甘精胰岛素是一种较为理想的基础胰岛素，和其它胰岛素一样，主要作用是调节糖代谢，通过促进骨骼肌和脂肪等周围组织摄取葡萄糖、抑制肝糖元而降低血糖。同时，甘精胰岛素还具有抑制脂肪分解，抑制蛋白质水解及促进蛋白质合成作用，从而减少血糖来源，发挥有效降低血糖的作用。甘精胰岛素是一种长效胰岛素，经皮下注射后释放缓慢，继之吸收入血的过程也比较缓慢，     

吲哚美辛的临床拓展应用

此外，对非特异性低热，各种肿瘤患者并发高热，细菌或病毒感染引起的发热也有明显的疗效。近几年发现吲哚美辛还具有抑制前列腺素（PG）的合成作用，故临床上发现吲哚美辛有许多新用途。现简介如下：     

促蛋白合成雄性类固醇的滥用

促蛋白合成雄性类固醇(anabolcandrogenic teroids)是一类天然及人工合成的化学结构同胆固醇相似的化合物。睾丸酮是其中的典型代表。在体内。它主要由睾丸间质细胞(95％)和肾上腺皮质合成。此外女性卵巢也合成少量的睾丸酮。睾丸酮衍生物或类似物都具有致男性化作用．并有促蛋白合成作用。因此这类化合物被统称为促蛋白合成雄性类固醇。临床上主要用于治疗成人雄性特征低下，     

Composite score of reflux symptoms in diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease

AIM: To evaluate the significance of the composite score of reflux symptoms in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and to determine the relationship of the composite score with reflux esophagitis (RE) and pathological gastroesophageal reflux (PGER). METHODS: Upper digestive endoscopy and /or 24-h esophageal pH monitoring were performed in 244 subjects. Of these, 54 were consecutive patients attending our clinic with symptoms suggestive of GERD, and 190 were randomly selected from 2532 respondents who participated in our previous general population-based study on GERD. A standardized questionnaire was used to classify both the frequency and severity of typical symptoms of GERD (heartburn, acid and food regurgitation) using a 4-score scale, and the composite score of main reflux symptoms (score index: SI, range from 0 to 18) were calculated for every subject. RE was diagnosed according to the Savary-Miller criteria. Subjects with abnormal pH-metry (DeMeester score more than 14.7) were considered to have PGER. GERD patients were defined as the subjects with RE and/or PGER. RESULTS: The sensitivity of SI in the diagnosis of GERD was inversely associated with SI, but the specificity tended to increase with increased SI. With the cut-off of 8, the SI achieved the highest accuracy of 70.0%, with a sensitivity of 78.6% and a specificity of 69.2% in diagnosing GERD, followed by the cut-off of 3, which had an accuracy of 62.1%, a sensitivity of 96.4% and a specificity of 34.6%. The prevalence of RE, PGER and GERD was strongly associated with increased SI (P<0.01), but there was no significant association between the severity of RE and SI (P>0.05). Among patients with RE, 69.2% had PGER, and 30.8% were confirmed to have negative findings of pH monitoring. Among patients with PGER, 52.9% were identified to have RE and 47.1% had negative endscopic findings in esophagus. CONCLUSION: According to the composite score of main reflux symptoms, the diagnosis of GERD can be made without further tests in most cases. However, 24-h esophageal pH monitoring and upper digestive endoscopy are still indicated in patients with mild and atypical symptoms.     

颞下颌关节髁突软骨中生长因子的研究进展

生长因子是一组具有促进细胞生长、增殖和合成作用的蛋白多肽.软骨组织中含有多种生长因子及其受体,它们共同作用于软骨细胞.颞下颌关节髁突软骨属于纤维软骨,它介导了髁突的生长发育及适应性改建.髁突软骨细胞同样受到多种生长因子的调控,主要有:胰岛素样生长因子(insulin-like growth factor,IGF)、转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)、成纤维生长因子(fibroblast growth factor,FGF)、血管内皮生长因子(vagcular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、骨形成蛋白(bone morphogenic protein,BMP)、表皮生长因子(epiderm-al growth factor,EGF)、增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)、Sox基因家族、Wnt基因家族、甲状旁腺素相关肽(parathyroid-hormone-related peptide,PTHrP)、indian bed-gehog基因(Ihh)、核心结合因子-α1(core-binding factor-α1,Cbf-α1)等[1].现就其中研究较多,且较重要的因子做一综述.     

五味子乙素对大鼠肝星状细胞增殖和胶原基因表达合成的影响

目的观察五味子乙素在大鼠肝星状细胞（HSCs）增殖,胶原表达合成方面的作用。方法经在体灌流消化大鼠肝脏分离HSCs,培养于DMEM培养基中,用^3H-TdR和^3H-pro掺入试验测定五味子乙素对HSCs的增殖和胶原合成影响,并用原位杂交方法探讨了其对HSCⅠ、Ⅲ型前胶原基因的表达作用。结果对于培养活化的HSCs,五味子乙素对HSCs摄取^3H-TdR没有明显影响,但在40μmol/L时,剂量依赖地抑制HSCs摄取^3H-proline,并在80μmol/L降低Ⅰ型前胶原基因表达（P〈0.05）。结论五味子乙素具有降低HSCs胶原基因表达合成作用。     

重谈谷氨酰胺

<正>谷氨酰胺对现在的健身者已不在陌生,不少杂志也曾多次介绍过它,今天我们再重新和大家认识一下它。谷氨酰胺是健美运动和健美爱好者的基础营养补剂。它是肌肉中最丰富的游离氨基酸,约占人体游离氨基酸总量的60%。空腹血浆谷氨酰胺浓度为500-750umol/L。谷氨酰胺不是必需氨基酸,它在人体内可由谷氨酸、颉氨酸、异亮氨酸合成。谷氨酰胺是二十种非基本氨基酸中的一种。说它非基本并不意味着不重要,而是因为人体可以自己产生这种物质,肌肉中拥有身体百分之六十的谷氨酰胺。正常条件下人体可以过量产生谷氨酰胺以满足需要。不过,当压力和高强度训练来袭,这些就远远不够了。谷氨酰胺不只是健美爱好者的专属产品,普通人群如果能够合理地补充它一样会给身体带来更好的帮助。