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1.
Introduction and objectivesOptimal treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involving portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) remains controversial.Materials and methodsA total of 627 HCC patients with PVTT after initial treatment with one of the following at Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University: liver resection (LR, n = 225), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE, n = 298) or sorafenib (n = 104) were recruited and randomly divided into the training cohort (n = 314) and internal validation cohort (n = 313). Survival analysis were repeated after stratifying patients by Cheng PVTT type.ResultsResection led to significantly higher OS than the other two treatments among patients with type I or II PVTT. TACE worked significantly better than the other two treatments for patients with type III. All three treatments were associated with similar OS among patients with type IV. These findings were supported by the internal validation cohort.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the optimal treatment for HCC involving PVTT depends on the type of PVTT. LR may be more appropriate for type I or II PVTT; TACE, for type III Sorafenib may be more appropriate than invasive treatments for patients with type IV PVTT.  相似文献   
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目的探讨血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白(Ⅳ-C)、甘胆酸(CG)、磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖3(GPC-3)水平在乙型肝炎肝硬化及原发性肝癌(PHC)鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法采用前瞻性队列研究,选择内蒙古医科大学附属医院2018年8月至2020年3月收治的55例PHC患者(PHC组),62例乙型肝炎肝硬化患者(肝硬化组)及同期35例健康受试者为研究对象,分别采用化学发光法检测血清中AFP和Ⅳ-C,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELSIA)测定血清GPC-3浓度,采用均相免疫法检测血清CG水平。结果PHC组、肝硬化组和健康对照组血清AFP分别为(251.63±126.27)、(17.50±2.52)和(10.3±7.9)μg/L;3组的Ⅳ-C分别为(398.49±291.54)、(214.36±145.20)和(18.34±5.49)ng/mL;3组的CG分别为(25.64±18.21)、(12.58±10.35)和(0.75±0.34)μg/mL;3组的GPC-3分别为(278.31±101.58)、(142.56±45.86)和(103.47±36.87)ng/mL。3组的AFP、Ⅳ-C、CG和GPC-3比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且呈HCC组>肝硬化组>健康对照组。PHC组联合检测血清AFP、Ⅳ-C、CG和GPC-3阳性检出率为100%,显著高于各指标单项指标(54.5%、81.8%、84.5%、58.2%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PHC组血清AFP、Ⅳ-C、CG和GPC-3联合检测的灵敏度和准确度分别为100.0%和88.9%,均高于各指标单独检测(54.5%,81.8%,84.5%,58.2%和93.5%,85.5%,90.3%,83.9%),但特异度稍有降低。结论血清AFP、Ⅳ-C、CG和GPC-3可有效鉴别乙型肝炎肝硬化和PHC,4个指标联合检测可提高PHC诊断的阳性检出率,对PHC的早期筛查或诊断提供有利的理论依据。  相似文献   
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Papillary tumor of the pineal region is a rare neuroepithelial tumor characterized by papillary architecture and epithelial cytology, immunopositivity for cytokeratin and ependymal differentiation. It is considered grade II–III by the World Health Organization and was first described by Jouvet in 2003. We present a 34-year-old male with headaches, blurred vision and normal examination. Radiological study showed a nodulocystic lesion in the pineal region compatible with pineocytoma. Surgery was performed using an infratentorial supracerebellar approach, finding a cystic tumor in the quadrigeminal cistern which was completely resected. Histopathology reported a papillary tumor of the pineal region. The patient made good progress without adjuvant therapy, and after 57 months of follow-up he remained asymptomatic and free of recurrence. A review of the literature was performed to collect all the cases published with gross total resection and no complementary treatment. In conclusion, there is still much to be learned about the pathogenesis, prognosis and management of this tumor.  相似文献   
6.
Real-world predictors of the treatment efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are unknown. This retrospective study enrolled 87 consecutive patients with unresectable HCC from May 2017 to December 2019 at two hospitals. Of the 87 patients, 7, 9, 60, and 11 patients had Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stages A, B, C, and D, respectively, and 45, 30, and 10 patients were Child-Pugh class A, B, and C, respectively. The median injection numbers of nivolumab and treatment duration were 6 (3-8) and 2.53 (1.47-4.23) months, respectively, and 64.4% of patients received combination therapy. Radiological imaging was not assessed for 25 patients. Objective response (OR) and disease control rates were 19.5% and 39.1%, respectively. A single tumor (odds ratio: 9.542, P = .015) and ≥20% decline in serum α-fetoprotein protein (AFP) levels within the first 3 months of treatment (defined as AFP response, odds ratio: 5.997, P = .042) were predictors of OR. Lack of macrovascular invasion, combination therapy, and AFP response were predictors of progression-free survival. A Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) score of 0-2 (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.717, P = .004) and grade 1-2 immune-related adverse events (irAEs, HR: 2.217, P = .049) were predictors of overall survival (OS) in the entire cohort, and a CLIP score of 0-2 (HR: 3.257, P = .009) was a predictor of OS in evaluable patients. IrAEs ≥ grade 3 were noted in 14 patients, and three died as a result. Having a single tumor and AFP response were predictors of OR, and CLIP score was a predictor of OS.  相似文献   
7.
目的探讨维生素K缺乏或拮抗剂-Ⅱ诱导蛋白(PIVKA-Ⅱ)在诊断乙肝相关性肝癌中的应用价值,为临床应用提供实验依据。 方法检测凝血功能无异常的60例健康体检者、60例乙肝相关良性疾病者和178例乙肝相关性肝癌患者血清中PIVKA-Ⅱ和甲胎蛋白,采用ROC曲线分析两者单独及联合运用在诊断乙肝相关性肝癌方面的价值。 结果乙肝相关性肝癌患者血清PIVKA-Ⅱ明显高于健康对照组、肝良性疾病组(P<0.05),ROC曲线下面积为0.940;与AFP二者联合检测乙肝相关性肝癌的敏感度为96%,特异性为63%,两者联合的曲线下面积为0.947。 结论PIVKA-Ⅱ对于乙肝相关性肝癌具有诊断价值,其与AFP联合检测对于诊断乙肝相关性肝癌方面更具优势,但单独检测对于血清中AFP水平正常的高危患者更具成本效益。  相似文献   
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Objective: Despite moderate sensitivity, alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is widely used in screening and prognostication for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The objective of the current study was to assess clinical utility of Prothrombin induced by Vitamin K absence-II (PIVKAII) in addition to AFP in patients with HCC. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 244 patients with documented AFP, PIVKA II and dynamic imaging of the liver. Using ROC curves, cutoff values for AFP and PIVKAII for HCC detection, tumor grade and microvascular invasion (MVI) were assessed. In patients who underwent liver transplantation (LT) for HCC, survival was determined using Kaplan Meier curves. Results: The median PIVKAII in healthy living donors was 28.6mAU/ml (15.9-55). In cirrhotics, the sensitivity of an AFP cutoff of 7.6 ng/ml or PIVKAII  cutoff of 250 mAU/ml for HCC detection was 91.7% (176/192) and specificity was 62.9%(68/108) (p <0.0001). In patients with HCC, PIVKAII values were significantly elevated with tumor size > 5 cm (P < 0.0001), tumor nodules > 3(P=0.01), and macrovascular invasion(p <0.0001).  The high risk group (patients with AFP ≥ 40 ng/ml + PIVKAII ≥ 350 mAU/ml), had a sensitivity of (23/33) 69.6% and specificity of (22/22)100% for MVI (P <0.001). The estimated 3 year RFS after LT in the low risk group (AFP  相似文献   
10.
Objective: As a marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence II (PIVKA-II) seems to be superior to alpha fetoprotein (AFP). To better characterize the role of PIVKA-II, both AFP and PIVKA-II have been measured in Italian patients with diagnosis of HCC compared with patients affected by non-oncological liver pathologies.

Materials and methods: Sixty serum samples from patients with HCC, 60 samples from patients with benign liver disease and 60 samples obtained from healthy blood donors were included in the study. PIVKA-II and AFP were measured by LUMIPULSE® G1200 (Fujirebio-Europe, Belgium). We considered as PIVKA-II cutoff 70 mAU/ml (mean +3SD) of the values observed in healthy subjects.

Results: The evaluation of PIVKA-II showed a positivity of 70% in patients with HCC and 5% in patients with benign diseases (p?AFP were observed in 55% of HCC patients and in 47% of patients with benign diseases. The combined Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis of the two analytes revealed a higher sensitivity (75%) compared to those observed for the individual biomarkers. In conclusion, we demonstrate that as a marker for HCC, PIVKA-II is more specific for HCC and less prone to elevation during chronic liver diseases.

Conclusions: The combination of the two biomarkers, evaluated by the ROC analysis, improved the specificity compared to a single marker. These data suggest that the combined analysis of the two markers could be a useful tool in clinical practice.  相似文献   
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