针灸配合松龄血脉康胶囊治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察及对 APN、ET-1 水平的影响

目的:探究针灸配合松龄血脉康胶囊治疗急性脑梗死(ACI)的疗效及对脂联素(APN)、内皮素-1 (ET-1)水平的影响。方法:将62例ACI患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分成2组,每组各31例。对照组采用松龄血脉康胶囊治疗,观察组为针灸配合松龄血脉康胶囊治疗;观察2组临床疗效,并比较APN、ET-1、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及纤维蛋白原(FIB)。结果:观察组总有效率高达90.23%,显著高于对照组的64.52%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5.905,P<0.05)。经治疗,2组治疗后APN显著升高(P<0.05),ET-1、hs-CRP、FIB均下降(P<0.05)。治疗后组间比较,观察组患者APN高于对照组(P<0.05),ET-1、hs-CRP、FIB均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对ACI患者行针灸配合松龄血脉康胶囊治疗,能够显著增加APN水平,降低ET-1水平,且其炎性反应、凝血功能改善效果更为显著。     

Urinary endometriosis: MR Imaging appearance with surgical and histological correlations

ObjectivesThe goals of the study were to describe the MR imaging features of endometriosis of the urinary tract and identify those that suggest intrinsic involvement of ureteric wall.Materials and methodsThirty-five women with proven urinary tract endometriosis and who had preoperative MR imaging between 2001 and 2011 were included retrospectively. MR images were intrepreted by one junior and one senior radiologists. To characterize the intrinsic parietal involvement, the ureteric circumference involved by the lesion of endometriosis was noted.ResultsThirty-eight ureteric and 13 bladder lesions were analyzed. They were found in association in nine women. Ureteric lesions were bilateral in seven women. Of the 38 ureteric lesions, 27 were extrinsic and 11 intrinsic at histopathological analysis. Sixteen women with extrinsic lesions and 10 with intrinsic ones were correctly identified on MR imaging. When the ureter was included less than 360° in the lesion, extrinsic involvement was confirmed in 80% of cases.ConclusionMR imaging appears to be more sensitive (91%vs 82%) but less specific (59% vs 67%) than surgery for the diagnosis of intrinsic form of ureteric location.     

血清脂联素及CRP／APN比值的变化在腹部创伤患者病情监测中的意义

目的：探讨血清脂联素（ APN）及C反应蛋白（ CRP）与APN比值（ CRP／APN比值）的变化在腹部创伤患者病情监测中的意义。方法将本科室收治的80例腹部外伤患者依据AIS－ISS评分分为轻伤组及重伤组,将来本院体检的正常成年人30例作为对照组。分别于入院后即刻及第1 d、2 d、4 d、7 d共5个时间点,采用放射免疫法检测患者APN、CRP水平及CRP／APN比值,并同步进行全身炎症反应综合征（ SIRS）评分,对所得结果进行统计学分析及相关性分析。结果与对照组相比,轻伤组和重伤组患者的APN水平均明显降低（ P＜0.05）,重伤组APN水平明显低于轻伤组（ P＜0.05）;血清CRP与CRP／APN比值与SIRS评分呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.81（P＜0.05）和0.91（P＜0.05）,而APN水平与SIRS评分呈负相关（r＝－0.88,P＜0.05）。结论APN与CRP／APN比值可以作为评估腹部伤情严重程度的客观指标,有助于准确及时地评估病情。     

遗传算法与变邻域搜索混合模型在护士排班中的应用

目的在探讨基于层级管理的护士APN排班模型的基础上,引入具有精确的全局搜索能力的遗传算法与变邻域搜索混合模型来解决护士排班过程中人员层级复杂、不同班次人员需求量不同等问题。方法首先,初始化排班表,然后利用遗传算法对初始化的排班表进行搜索,得到一个初步的排班表,最后利用变邻域搜索优化排班表,得到满足要求的排班表。结果使用该混合模型得到的排班表,能满足每日护士的人数需求和每名护士的工作量要求。同时,基于层级管理,各层级护士分开排班,能降低排班难度,在增加护士人员时,效率仍然较高。结论遗传算法与变邻域搜索的混合模型能解决护士排班中的各种复杂问题,是一种符合实际需求的模型。基于此模型来编制护士排班软件,能提升护理工作效率和满意度,便于对护理人员进行量化考核统计分析。     

渴乐宁胶囊联合格列齐特治疗2型糖尿病的临床研究

目的探讨渴乐宁胶囊联合格列齐特缓释片治疗2型糖尿病临床疗效。方法选取2017年3月—2018年3月在漯河市中心医院治疗的2型糖尿病患者92例,根据入院号分为对照组(46例)和治疗组(46例)。对照组口服格列齐特缓释片,初始剂量30 mg/次,1次/d,根据患者血糖情况每间隔14 d增加1片,血糖控制后30 mg/次,1次/d;治疗组在对照组基础上口服渴乐宁胶囊,1.80g/次,3次/d。两组均治疗4周。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、胰岛素(FINS)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、脂联素(APN)、瘦素(LP)和皮质醇(Cor)水平。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组临床有效率分别为82.61%和97.82%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后两组FPG、2 h PG、HbAlc、FINS、hs-CRP、MCP-1、IL-1β和TNF-α水平均显著下降(P0.05),且治疗后治疗组上述血糖和炎性指标水平明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组LP、Cor水平均显著下降(P0.05),APN水平显著上升(P0.05),且治疗组LP、Cor和APN水平明显好于对照组(P0.05)。结论渴乐宁胶囊联合格列齐特缓释片治疗2型糖尿病可有效控制患者血糖水平,降低机体炎症反应,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

口服磷酸钠盐(OSP)致急性磷酸盐肾病(APN)1例

急性磷酸盐肾病（acute phosphate nephropathy,APN）是口服磷酸钠盐（oral sodium phosphate,OSP）行肠道准备之后的肾脏并发症,小管和间质中有磷酸钙盐沉积是其独特的组织病理学表现。本文报道了1例OSP后发生APN的病例,从临床和病理分析诊断的要点,为肠道准备药物的选择提供借鉴。     

APN排班层级管理模式在肿瘤科实施的探讨

目的：改革护理管理模式。探讨APN排班在肿瘤科的应用效果。方法：肿瘤科人力资源不变的前提下,优化工作流程,修订护士工作职责,建立以护士长,护理组长,责任护士,助理护士为层级的管理梯队,实行APN连续性排班。结果：护士的交接班时间减少,因中间环节多而出现的护理缺陷减少,年轻护士的工作压力减少,护士的工作效率及护理满意度提高。结论：实施APN排班,充分利用人力资源,达到最佳的护理管理目标,利于护理人员的培养与梯队建设。顺应现代护理模式的发展,值得推广。     

糖尿乐胶囊联合地特胰岛素治疗2型糖尿病的临床研究

目的探讨糖尿乐胶囊联合地特胰岛素注射液治疗2型糖尿病的临床疗效。方法选取2018年5月-2019年5月在大连市第五人民医院治疗的2型糖尿病患者86例,根据用药的差别分为对照组(43例)和治疗组(43例)。对照组皮下注射地特胰岛素注射液,0.1~0.2 U/kg/次,1次/d;治疗组在对照组基础上口服糖尿乐胶囊,1.2 g/次,3次/d。两组患者均治疗4周。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者血糖相关指标、血清学指标、血糖波动情况和氧化应激指标。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组临床有效率分别为81.40%和97.67%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经治疗,两组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、胰岛素(FINS)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、γ-谷氨酰转移酶(γ-GT)、人颗粒蛋白前体(PGRN)、瘦素(LP)、血糖标准差(SDBG)、平均血糖波动幅度(MAGE)、24 h血糖波动次数(NGE)、24h血糖平均绝对差(MODD)和丙二醛(MDA)水平均显著下降(P<0.05),而脂联素(APN)、分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5(SFRP5)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平均显著升高(P<0.05),且治疗组这些指标较对照组改善更明显(P<0.05)。结论地特胰岛素注射液联合糖尿乐胶囊治疗2型糖尿病能够明显效控制血糖,促进机体氧化应激状态的改善。     

The role of the brain renin–angiotensin system in hypertension: Implications for new treatment

Hypertension affects 26% of adults and is in constant progress related to increased incidence of obesity and diabetes. One-third of hypertensive patients may be successfully treated with one antihypertensive agent, one-third may require two agents and in the remaining patients will need three agents for effective blood pressure (BP) control. The development of new classes of antihypertensive agents with different mechanisms of action therefore remains an important goal. Brain renin–angiotensin system (RAS) hyperactivity has been implicated in hypertension development and maintenance in several types of experimental and genetic hypertension animal models. Among the main bioactive peptides of the brain RAS, angiotensin (Ang) II and Ang III have similar affinities for type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) Ang II receptors. Following intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection, Ang II and Ang III similarly increase arginine–vasopressin (AVP) release and BP. Blocking the brain RAS may be advantageous as it simultaneously (1) decreases sympathetic tone and consequently vascular resistance, (2) decreases AVP release, reducing blood volume and vascular resistance and (3) blocks angiotensin-induced baroreflex inhibition, decreasing both vascular resistance and cardiac output. However, as Ang II is converted to Ang III in vivo, the exact nature of the active peptide is not precisely determined. We summarize here the main findings identifying AngIII as one of the major effector peptides of the brain RAS in the control of AVP release and BP. Brain AngIII exerts a tonic stimulatory effect on BP in hypertensive rats, identifying brain aminopeptidase A (APA), the enzyme generating brain Ang III, as a potentially candidate target for hypertension treatment. This has led to the development of potent orally active APA inhibitors, such as RB150 — the prototype of a new class of centrally acting antihypertensive agents.     

脂联素在高血压致炎症和心肌纤维化中的作用

目的探讨脂联素在高血压致炎症和心肌纤维化中的作用。方法选取纯合脂联素敲除鼠12只(APN-/-)和野生型小鼠(WT)12只,采用微量泵持续灌注血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)[1500 ng/(kg·min),7天]建立高血压模型,对照组给予乙酸溶液微量泵灌注,连续灌注7天,实验随机分成4组,每组6只:野生型小鼠对照组(WT),野生型小鼠+血管紧张素Ⅱ组(WT+AngⅡ),APN-/-对照组(APN-/-),APN-/-+血管紧张素Ⅱ组(APN-/-+AngⅡ),采用小鼠无创血压计测定小鼠尾动脉血压,运用ELISA法检测血清中s ICAM-1、s VCAM-1、v WF的含量,心肌组织Masson染色观察心脏纤维化,α-SMA免疫组化法观察肌成纤维细胞的形成,HE染色观察炎症细胞浸润,Western blot法测定TGF-β、TNF-α蛋白表达。结果与WT组相比,WT+AngⅡ组第二天血压开始升高,连续监测7天,血压均明显升高(P0.05),造模成功。与WT+AngⅡ组相比,APN-/-+AngⅡ组血压显著升高(P0.05),炎症细胞浸润明显增多(P0.05),s ICAM-1、s VCAM-1、v WF含量明显增加,TGF-β、TNF-α表达显著上调,α-SMA+肌成纤维细胞数量增多(P0.05)。结论在高血压致心脏纤维化过程中,脂联素可能有保护血管内皮损伤,抑制炎症反应,进而抑制心脏纤维化。