完美主义与基督教信仰

目的 考察个体的宗教信仰与完美主义心理之间的关系。方法 采用质的研究方法，对两位受访者（分别为功能障碍型完美主义与健康的完美主义）追行个案研究。结果 两名受访者的基督教（新教）信仰封其完关主义的负面倾向有所矫正，受访者的人际关系和自我认知因为宗教信仰而有所改善。结论 基督教（新教）信仰有利于修正受访者自体表象与权威客体表象的关系。在象征意义上，“上帝”的概念可以理解为“较好的”权威客体表象。     

高校教师完美主义与自我效能关系的研究

目的 探讨高校教师完美主义与自我效能的关系.方法 采用自编完美主义量表(SCPS)与一般自我效能感量表(GSES)对320名高校教师进行了调查.结果 ①完美主义的自省因子与自我效能存在非常显著的负相关(P＜0.01).②完美主义的自省、高标准因子对自我效能都有非常显著的预测作用(P＜0.001).结论 完美主义与自我效能存在密切关系.     

大学生完美主义、自尊、自我和谐和自杀意念的关系研究

目的了解大学生的完美主义、自尊、自我和谐和自杀意念状况,分析影响大学生自杀意念产生的主要因素。方法采用完美主义量表、自尊量表、自我和谐量表和自杀意念自评量表对河南省7所高校800名大学生进行统一问卷调查。结果完美主义和自杀意念在是否独生子上不存在显著差异(P>0.05),而自杀意念在性别上存在显著差异(P<0.01);完美主义及其维度、自尊、自我和谐与自杀意念之间存在显著相关,并且完美主义的4个维度——担心错误、行动的疑虑、条理性,自尊和自我和谐可以预测自杀意念。结论应采取措消除完美主义的消极影响,培养适中的自尊水平和自我和谐的人格,降低自杀意念的产生。     

完美主义对心理健康、自尊及主观幸福感的影响

目的探讨大学生完美主义对心理健康、自尊和主观幸福感的影响作用.方法采用完美主义量表、心理健康量表、自尊量表和幸福感量表对290名大学生进行测试.结果①担心出错、对行动的疑虑是心理健康的影响变量;担心出错、组织性和对行动的疑虑是自尊的影响变量;担心出错和组织性是主观幸福感的影响变量.②顺应不良的完美主义对心理健康、自尊及主观幸福感产生消极影响;顺应良好的完美主义对自尊和主观幸福感产生积极影响.结论完美主义维度对心理健康、自尊及主观幸福感具有不同程度的影响,顺应良好和顺应不良的完美主义对心理健康、自尊及主观幸福感具有不同性质的影响.     

中文Frost多维度完美主义问卷的信效度检验

目的：检验中文Frost多维度完美主义问卷（FMPS）信效度。方法：共有1280名大学本科生作为被试填写了FMPS问卷，其1000名被试的数据用于探索性因素分析，另外280名被试的数据用于验证性因素分析。部分被试被要求填写测量焦虑、抑郁、强迫等心理困扰的问卷，作为效标效度检验。结果：中文版Frost多维度完美主义问卷由五个维度组成。各维度的项目载荷在0．45—0．78之间。五个因素（担心错误、条理性、父母期望、个人标准和行动的疑虑）可以解释总方差的53．7％。各维度的内部一致性系数为0．64-0．81。重测信度为0．63-0．82。中文FMPS与焦虑、抑郁、强迫等心理困扰也有屉著的相关，其中“担心错误”和“行动的疑虑”与各种心理困扰的相关系数在0．30—0．70之间。结论：中文FMPS的维度结构与其英文原问卷相似，且具有令人满意的信效度。适合在中国文化环境下使用。     

医学生父母教养方式与拖延行为的关系:完美主义的中介作用

目的:以医学生为被试,探讨完美主义在父母教养方式和拖延行为之间的中介作用。方法:采用父母教养方式问卷(PBI)中文修订版,一般拖延量表(GPS)和中文版Frost多维度完美主义量表(CFMPS)对536名被试进行测量。结果:1积极的父母教养方式负向预测拖延,消极的父母教养方式正向预测拖延。2适应性完美主义负向预测拖延,非适应性完美主义正向预测拖延。3适应性完美主义在积极和消极父母教养方式与拖延的关系中起部分中介作用,非适应性完美主义在积极和消极父母教养方式与拖延的关系中也起部分中介作用。结论:完美主义在医学生父母教养方式和拖延行为之间起部分中介作用。     

Perfectionism underlying psychological background correlated with the symptoms of functional dyspepsia

BACKGROUNDS: Early satiety, bloating, and postprandial distress are common symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) and anorexia nervosa (AN). Perfectionism is known to be associated with AN, accompanied by abnormal eating behavior. We analyzed perfectionism in FD as compared with that in AN, and investigated the correlation of perfectionism with abdominal symptoms. METHODS: The study group comprised 168 patients with FD according to the Rome II criteria (65% females, mean age 47.7 years) and 101 with AN according to the DSM-IV criteria (100% females, mean age 23 years). As control, 130 healthy subjects (81% females, mean age 26.2 years) were studied. Frost's Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) was used to evaluate perfectionism. Abdominal symptoms were evaluated on the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (GSRS). RESULTS: All subscale scores except for organization were significantly higher in patients with AN than in controls. The parental criticism (PC) score in patients with FD was also significantly higher than that in controls, but lower than that in patients with AN. PC was significantly correlated with the total GSRS, particularly indigestion scores of FD patients (P = 0.0476 and P = 0.0294). CONCLUSIONS: Perfectionism such as PC underlying the psychological background of FD patients may be correlated with their abdominal symptoms.     

完美主义理论研究综述

完美主义是一种重要人格特质,与多种心理现象和行为关系密切并参与其发生机制。完美主义领域内目前仍存在概念界定不一、性质与核心特征存有争议等一些具有重要意义的基础性研究问题,需要进一步探讨。本文就完美主义的定性描述、测量工具、理论模型、完美主义积极成分与消极成分的区分、完美主义的人群聚类研究等问题进行了系统的综述,提出了未来应借助多种研究方法探索完美主义的核心特征和拓展研究视域,建立中国人的完美主义心理结构理论。     

The Role of Perfectionism and Depressive Cognitions in Understanding the Hopelessness Experienced by Adolescent Suicide Attempters

This study examined the relation of two cognitive variables, depressive cognitions and perfectionism, to the hopelessness experienced by adolescent suicide attempters. Adolescent suicide attempters (N = 68) were administered three measures assessing cognitive characteristics commonly associated with adolescent suicidal behavior: the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS), the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire for Adolescents (DEQ-A), and the Hopelessness Scale for Children (HSC). Socially prescribed perfectionism on the CAPS and self-criticism on the DEQ-A were both highly correlated with HSC. Regression analyses indicated that perfectionism was significantly related to hopelessness, but this relationship was attenuated after the effects of depressive cognitions on hopelessness were controlled. Self-criticism was the cognitive variable most strongly associated with hopelessness suggesting that it is a more important focus for cognitive interventions in adolescent suicide attempters than perfectionism.     

Music performance anxiety and occupational stress amongst opera chorus artists and their relationship with state and trait anxiety and perfectionism

This study explored the inter-relationships among state and trait anxiety, occupational stress, perfectionism, aspiration, and music performance anxiety in a group of elite operatic chorus artists employed full-time by a national opera company. The chorus artists reported higher trait anxiety, higher occupational role concerns, and higher occupational personal strain than normative samples. Higher scores on personal resources were associated with the higher scores on trait anxiety. It appears that these resources were used adaptively to manage anxiety. High trait anxiety was also associated with high personal strain in the work environment. Anxiety was not related to occupational roles or issues related to the physical environment or working conditions. These results suggest that while trait anxiety and music performance anxiety were closely associated, occupational stress makes a separate contribution to the quality of working life experienced by elite choral artists.