还原型谷胱甘肽联合甘草酸二铵对腹部开放伤后海水浸泡犬肝功能损伤的治疗作用

Objective To investigate effect of reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate on the treatment of hepatic damage in experimental dogs following open abdominal injuries coupled with seawater immersion. Methods Twenty-four dogs with open abdominal injuries were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group (given with simple observation after 1.5 h seawater immersion); the routine treatment group (given routine care and fluid transfusion after 1.5 h seawater immersion) ; the hepatic treatment group (given routine are, fluid transfusion and hepatic treatment as well, after 1.5 h seawater immersion). Each group consisted of 8 dogs. Blood samples were taken at different time points to measure total bilirubin (TB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prothromin time (PT), endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and pathological examination was also made at the same time. Results For the control group, contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH increased significantly and survival time was less than 24 hours. Contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH of the routine treatment group also increased significantly, but survival time of all the experimental animals was mere than 24 hours. Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate could reduce the extent of lesion quite significantly 12～24 hours following open abdominal injuries. Conclusions Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate seemed to have good effects on the treatment and prevention against hepatic damage induced by trauma coupled with seawater immersion. It could be used as a primary means for the treatment of such kind of hepatic damage.     

岱山县海水养殖贝类重金属含量检测

我县是个海岛县,养殖业发达,特别是贝类养殖.大量投放市场和出口,供人们食用.由于近年来海洋环境污染严重,使养殖贝类重金属等有毒物质含量增高,对人体有毒害作用.为了解我县养殖贝类的重金属含量情况,对某些养殖贝类进行了铅、砷、镉、汞、铜、锌等6个项目的检测分析,现报告如下.     

施地瑞玛生理性海水鼻腔喷雾器治疗小儿干燥性鼻炎的临床观察

目的:探讨施地瑞玛生理性海水鼻腔喷雾器治疗小儿干燥性鼻炎的疗效。方法:将58例患儿随机分成2组,2组均不使用其他药物。治疗组给予施地瑞玛生理性海水鼻腔喷雾器喷鼻;对照组给予生理性盐水滴鼻液滴鼻,观察2组治疗前后症状、体征及有效率。结果:根据2组的主要症状、体征及疗效,治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:生理性海水鼻腔喷雾器治疗小儿干燥性鼻炎,可以缩短病程,改善鼻腔功能,疗效确切,且使用安全、舒适、方便,可以作为治疗小儿干燥性鼻炎的理想药物。     

犬海水中火器伤后早期血流动力学变化

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hemodynamic changes in the early stages of gunshot wound of dogs in seawater for exploring early treatment protocol. METHOD: Fourteen conventional Beagles models undergoing gunshot wound in seawater were used along with another 2 dogs receiving the wound on land to serve as control. After the dogs were rescued from the seawater, the respiration (R), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP), and cardiac output (CO) were measured continuously in the early stages of the wound (53.62+/-12.19 min following injury), followed by statistical analysis of the results. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the hemodynamic disturbance of the dogs receiving the wound in seawater was relatively severe during the first 15 min of the wound. The mortality tended to descend relevant to the position of the wounds, in the order of the head, chest, abdomen and limbs. CONCLUSIONS: Gunshot wound in seawater may cause severe hemodynamic changes, resulting in progressive dysfunction of circulation and high mortality rate. Early treatment should be targeted at hemodynamic stabilization in accordance to the characteristic changes during the early stages of the wound.     

分次灌注海水致兔呼吸窘迫综合征模型的建立

目的通过向兔气管插管内灌入海水，建立海水淹溺致急性呼吸窘迫综合征模型。方法14只新西兰大白兔被随机平分为C组（对照组，无任何处理）和S组（海水组，用海水灌注）。观察分次适量海水灌入气管插管后症状学、血气分析、血液动力学、血清中肿瘤坏死因子（TNF—α）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的变化。2h后给每组试验兔拍摄肺CT片，并观察其组织病理学变化。结果与C组相比，S组的O2和CO2指数显著降低（P〈0．01），呼吸动力学和血液动力学的情况明显恶化。TNF—α和IL-6增高，这一结果提示肺损伤发生于兔被海水灌注之后。另外，还发现模型兔有明显的肺水肿、肺泡隔断裂和炎性渗出。结论成功复制了既符合海水淹溺的实际情况，又符合国内外急性呼吸窘迫综合征诊断标准的海水淹溺致急性肺损伤动物模型。     

犬胸部爆炸伤后海水浸泡的实验模型建立及早期救治结果分析

目的：建立犬海水浸泡胸部爆炸伤实验模型,探讨早期救治结果。方法：20只成年杂犬随机分为爆炸伤组（n=10)和锐器伤组（n=10)。两组动物均于致伤后浸泡在人工配制的海水中25min,而后打捞出海水环境后予以紧急救治。实验中全程监血液动力学呼吸系统和动脉血气变化。结果：海水浸泡后爆炸伤组的伤情明显重于脱器伤组,经救治后两组生存时间均明显延长,但锐器伤组更为明显。结论：本胸部爆炸伤模型是可行的并且重复性好,创伤后造成的呼吸循环功能变化与临床所见相符,适用于海水浸泡胸部开放伤的早期病理生理研究。爆炸伤的伤情更为严重,除严重电解质紊乱和高渗血症外,严重的肺损伤可能是影响生存时间的重要原因之一。     

火器伤合并海水浸泡兔肢体骨骼肌组织脂质过氧化反应

目的：观察兔肢体火器伤合并海水浸泡后,伤道周围骨骼肌过氧化脂质与抗氧化酶活力的 早期救治提供实验依据。方法 用滑膛枪发射２５０ｍｇ钢珠,致伤兔后肢,伤后将致伤兔随机分为两组：一组为海水浸泡组（ＳＩＧ）,将兔浸泡于粗制盐配制的人造海水中３０ｍｉｎ。另一组为单纯致伤组（ＳＷＧ）,伤后不浸泡海水。伤后３、６、１２、２４ｈ手术取距伤道边缘０．５ｃｍ（Ａ区）,１．５ｃｍ（Ｂ区）和２．５ｃｍ（Ｃ区）处肌组织,     

海战伤致急性肾衰的机制和救治研究进展

急性肾功能衰竭是海战伤的常见并发症,其独特发病机制涉及海水浸泡后导致的严重低温、高渗性脱水、加重的感染、低氧血症等,使急性肾衰的发病率和严重程度均明显高于陆地战伤。在治疗中CRRT是一种非常有效的急救手段,可针对海战伤情特点进行救治,在海战伤中有广阔的应用前景。     

开放性颅脑损伤合并海水浸泡伤的研究进展

开放性颅脑损伤合并海水浸泡伤是海战中的一类特殊战伤,该类伤员的救治是我军医务人员面临的重要课题。由于海上及登陆作战的环境特殊,使开放性颅脑损伤伤员受海水浸泡的可能性极大,而且伤情复杂[1]。近几年,相关致伤机理和临床救治方面作了不少研究,本文对此简要综述。1动物实验现状与不足1.1现状:国内外均以兔作为开放性颅脑损伤合并海水浸泡的实验动物,海水通过直接取自沿海或根据海水理化性质用海盐配制,创面局部予海水浸泡或持续冲洗。研究内容包括:(1)开放性颅脑损伤合并海水浸泡脑组织的病理变化[2];(2)海水浸泡对创伤性脑水肿的影响…     

海水-束缚应激大鼠血清ET和6-K-PGF1α水平的变化

目的探讨应激大鼠血清内皮素（endothelins,ET）和6-酮-前列腺素F1α（6-K-PGF1α）含量的变化与溃疡发生及程度的关系。方法选用Wistar雄性大鼠20只,平均分成2组,A组为海水-束缚应激组;B组为正常对照组。采用放射免疫法测定应激性溃疡大鼠ET和6-K-PGF1α水平,Guth法评定溃疡指数。结果A组ET水平显著高于B组（P〈0．01）;A组血清6-K-PGF1α水平显著低于B组（P〈0．01）;病理检查提示A组溃疡指数显著高于B组（P〈0．01）。结论应激大鼠血清ET水平升高和6-K-PGF1α水平下降,与溃疡发生率及严重程度密切相关。