海生多糖肽对亚急性辐射损伤小鼠的防护作用

目的 研究海生多糖肽对小鼠亚急性辐射损伤的防护作用。方法 给小鼠饲以海生多糖肽制剂，用^60Coγ射线进行全身性亚急性照射，检测外周血白细胞、脾淋巴细胞转化率、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛和过氧化酶含量、精子畸形率、睾丸精母细胞染色体畸变率和肝细胞半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3等指标。结果 海生多糖肽高、低剂量组小鼠的血白细胞数量、脾淋巴细胞转化率、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶值和过氧化酶值均高于照射对照组，红细胞丙二醛值、精子畸形率、睾丸精母细胞染色体畸变率和肝细胞半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3阳性表达率则低于照射对照组，差异有显著性。结论 海生多糖肽对亚急性辐射损伤有良好的防护作用。     

日照市冷库海产品挥发性盐基氮指标调查

１９９６年１～２月份调查了全市３０个冷库１３１份海产品，１２７份挥发性盐基氮指标符合国家卫生标准，合格率为９６．９５％。说明仍有极少的海产品有腐败变质现象，为保证消费者食用安全，建议每月检测一次挥发性盐基氮。关于鲜度分级问题，我们认为食品标准是关系到人民健康的强制性标准，制定标准的先决条件是消费者食用后对身体不造成危害，因此作为卫生标准不分级为好，其鲜度指标只要符合标准规定，就应允许销售食用。     

Accumulation of gliotoxin, a cytotoxic mycotoxin from Aspergillus fumigatus, in blue mussel (Mytilus edulis).

A strain of Aspergillus fumigatus has been isolated from sediments of a mussel bed. When cultured in hyper saline conditions (with sea-water), it produces a cytotoxic and immunosuppressive toxin, gliotoxin, which is excreted in an exudate. In order to know if this toxin could represent a risk for shellfish consumers, an experiment of bioaccumulation of gliotoxin in mussel has been carried out. After 6 days of contamination, toxin was accumulated in the meat of the mussels, at a level up to 2.9 microg/mg of extract weight, with a mode of contamination different to the classical digestive process described for a majority of marine toxins, but similar to the contamination mode of domoic acid.     

一株产新型大环内酯抗生素海洋解淀粉芽孢杆菌的分离鉴定

Objective To perform taxonomic studies on a novel macrolactin-producing gram-positive bacterial strain MS1721 isolated from the mud at a depth of 30 m in the East China Sea. Methods Taxonomic studies were conducted based on the phenotypic and BIOLOG analysis, 16S rDNA gene sequencing and blast analysis, and fatty acid components analysis. The antibacterial activity of macrolactin S was determined by evaluation models established in our lab. Results MS1721 strain displayed high similarity with genus Bacillus in similarity values between 97%～99%, in which the nearest neighbor was Bacillus amyloliquefaciens with the similarity value of 99.6%. The predominant fatty acid component was 15:1 iso H/13:0 3OH. Conclusions MS1721 strain belongs to the genus Bacillus, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MS1721 was proposed as the name for this strain on the basis of the taxonomic data. The second metabolite-macrolactin s produced by this strain exhibited obvious antibacterial activity.     

Investigating the effects of bone cement, cyanoacrylate glue and marine mussel adhesive protein from Mytilus edulis on human osteoblasts and fibroblasts in vitro

Bone cement is a widely used standard fixation substance in Orthopaedic Surgery. Cyanoacrylate glue is available for wound closure to supplement suturing. The mussel adhesive protein extracted from Mytilus edulis (Cell-Tak©, BD Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany) is an experimental fixation device used for in vitro purposes of cell adhesion.

The aim of this study is to introduce a cell culture model investigating the effects of commonly applied and experimental glues on human fibroblasts and osteoblasts in vitro. Cells cultured without additives served as a control group. Microscopic examination was performed to evaluate the morphologic changes. An apoptosis test (Apo-Tag©, Chemicon International, Temecula, CA, U.S.A.) was applied to determine the rate of natural cell death at the end of the study.

It could be demonstrated that morphological changes in bone cement are different in fibroblasts and osteoblasts. Osteoblasts seem to grow on bone cement and develop an orderly formation. Fibroblasts grow in a confluent monolayer around bone cement but do not adhere to the cement itself. This is a desirable effect since most Orthopaedic applications aim at osteointegration as opposed to fibrous tissue overgrowth. Apoptosis attributed to bone cement is comparable to the respective natural rate of apoptosis. Cyanoacrylate glue and the mussel adhesive protein lead to an almost complete apoptosis in the investigated cells. Their routine application should be avoided. The developed cell culture model seems appropriate for performing further investigations.     

海洋中药发展源流初探

根据考古发现,人类早在旧石器时代即已开始利用海洋资源.到了春秋战国时期,人类开始利用海洋生物入药,并对其功效、炮制有简单的认识.到了秦汉时期,人类对海洋中药的认识进一步深化,并创制了运用海洋药物的方剂.到了唐宋时期,海洋中药的种数以及相应的方剂明显增多,对海洋中药的性味功效以及配伍规律有了进一步认识,其治疗范围也明显扩大.明清时期,人类对海洋中药的认识主要是对前人经验的总结.建国后,由于科学技术的发展,人类开发、利用海洋资源的能力大幅提高,海洋中药的种数达到1 000余种.但海洋中药的发展也面临着新的问题,即海洋中药的种数虽然增加,但对其性味功效的认识则明显滞后,严重影响了海洋中药的临床应用.     

《中国海洋药物》杂志刊载论文的引文分析

采用文献计量学方法,对１９８９年－１９９３年《中国海洋药物》杂志刊载论文的引文进行了分析。结果表明,此间共刊载论文１８１篇,共有引文１３０１条,每篇论文平均引文量为７．９８条。自引率为１２．７６％,在全部引文中,期刊占６５．１０％,图书占２７．６０％,其中占７．３０％;语种分布中文占６５．７２％,英文占２９．１３％,日文占５．０７％,俄文占０．０８％。１０年文献累计利用率,中文为８３．２７％,外文     

抗除草剂海洋微藻的生长和积累EPA的特性

在群体水平上研究了海产野生型眼点拟微球藻(Nannochloropsis oculata)及其抗除草剂Sandoz9785的细胞培养物在生长和脂肪酸组成方面的特性。结果表明,野生型藻株对Sandoz 9785较为敏感,除草剂用量为50μmol·L~(-1)时其生长的被抑制率为75％。在除草剂抑制作用下,野生型细胞的总脂肪酸含量显著下降,而EPA含量显著提高。在160μmol·L~(-1)和320μmol·L~(-1)Sandoz 9785浓度下,筛选到抗除草剂的细胞培养物R160和R320,其平均比生长速率与野生型没有显著差异,细胞的总脂肪酸、16;0、16:1ω9、18:0和18:1ω9的含量都低于野生型藻株,但20:5ω3(EPA)含量则高于野生型。R160在无除草剂的培养基中EPA含量最高,可占细胞干重的3.51％,比野生型提高了30％,但与野生型差异不显著。并讨论了抗性培养物抗Sandoz 9785和积累 EPA的机理。     

HPLC法测定苦参素注射液中氧化苦参碱的含量

目的：建立HPLC法测定苦参素注射液中氧化苦参碱的含量。方法：采用C8柱为固定相；乙腈：1％H3PO4(9：220)为流动相；检测波长220nm；柱温为室温。结果：线性范围0．0162～0.1293mg／ml。R=0．9990。此方法分离效果好，操作简便，快捷，重现性好，可作为质控方法。     

海洋微生物活性代谢产物的研究进展

研究海洋微生物活性物质 ,不但能发现结构新颖的化合物 ,而且能寻找到新的强效抗生素和抗病毒等活性的新药以及其它有用物质 ,这一新兴领域的研究在理论上和维护人类健康方面都有重大意义。本文综述了 2 0 0 0年以来对海洋微生物 (包括海洋细菌、蓝细菌、放线菌、真菌 )活性代谢产物的研究进展 ,共引用文献 6 9篇 ,包括 12 9个活性代谢产物。重点描述了这些化合物的相关生理活性 ,产生它们的微生物及微生物的采集地。