金霉素发酵条件优化

在50L发酵罐中金霉素发酵适宜的接种量为14.0%，种龄为20-21h(种子效价为20μg/ml左右）。3种不同的酵母粉中，2号酵母粉对金霉素发酵的效果最好。效价比其余两种高5.3%和4.4%，加入0.3%的酵母膏对金霉素发酵后期有一定的促进作用，效价比对照高4.4%。在120m^3发酵罐中，利用数据驱动型方法对发酵过程进行优化，金霉素效价达到21912μg/ml,比对照高出13%。     

A competitive dual-label time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for the simultaneous detection of chlortetracycline and doxycycline in animal edible tissues

A dual-label time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) was introduced for the simultaneous quantification of chlortetracycline (CTC) and doxycycline (DOX) in edible animal tissues. Europium- and samarium-labelled antibodies were used, because lanthanides have higher stabilities and narrower emission spectra than most fluorescent dyes. The limits of detection for simultaneous determination of CTC and DOX were 0.03 ng ml^?1 and 0.04 ng ml^?1, respectively. The average recoveries and the intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 85.8–102.4%, 4.3–8.4% and 5.5–8.9%, respectively, and 85.3–101.6%, 4.5–9.2% and 5.3–9.6% for DOX, respectively. The proposed TRFIA for spiked samples was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography with a high correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9933–0.9969. Therefore, the TRFIA may be an alternative sensitive and fast quantitative method for the high-throughput simultaneous screening of CTC or DOX in edible animal tissues.     

预防性口唇涂抹金霉素眼膏减轻小儿口腔内手术后口唇肿胀的疗效观察

目的探讨使用全麻开口器前局部应用金霉素眼膏对术后小儿口唇肿胀的影响。方法将2013年7月~11月手术需用全麻开口器的患儿56例,随机分为常规组29例和干预组27例。常规组按手术步骤应用全麻开口器。干预组在使用全麻开口器前局部应用金霉素眼膏。观察两组术后口唇肿胀、发白、硬结、干燥情况。结果干预组术后患儿口唇肿胀程度较常规组显著减轻(P0.05),无发白、硬结、干燥及皲裂情况。结论预防性应用金霉素眼膏可以减轻小儿口腔内手术后口唇肿胀。     

Effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents on human neutrophil functions in vitro and in vivo

Human blood neutrophils exposed to appropriate stimuli aggregate, degranulate and generate superoxide anion (O2-). These responses are anteceded by mobilization of membrane-associated calcium, monitored as a decrease in fluorescence of cells preloaded with chlortetracycline (CTC). We studied the effects, both in vitro and in vivo, of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (aspirin, indomethacin, ibuprofen and piroxicam) on these neutrophil responses to three stimuli: a chemoattractant, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP); a tumor promotor, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA); and a lectin, concanavalin A (Con A). The effects of these drugs were compared with those of two polyenoic inhibitors of arachidonate metabolism: eicosatrienoic acid (ETI) and eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA). The pattern of inhibition of neutrophil functions varied both with inhibitor and the nature of the stimulus. Thus, aspirin, piroxicam, ETYA and ETI inhibited neutrophil aggregation, degranulation, and O2- generation in response to FMLP, whereas ibuprofen inhibited only aggregation and degranulation and indomethacin only inhibited aggregation. None of the agents inhibited aggregation or degranulation induced by PMA or Con A: only piroxicam inhibited O2- generation in response to PMA or Con A. ETI and ibuprofen inhibited decrements of CTC fluorescence induced by FMLP, but whereas ETI inhibited the CTC response to PMA or Con A, ibuprofen was without effect. The agents had varying effects on binding of the stimulus [( 3H]FMLP, [3H]Con A), but these did not correlate with neutrophil responses to the ligands. Neutrophils from subjects taking therapeutic doses of ibuprofen, indomethacin, or piroxicam showed profiles of inhibited responses to FMLP similar to those observed with these agents in vitro. These data suggest that, although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents may inhibit discrete neutrophil functions both in vitro and in vivo, their effects do not duplicate those of polyenoic inhibitors of arachidonate metabolism. Moreover, since the susceptibility of neutrophils differed not only with respect to each inhibitor, but also to the stimulus, it is unlikely that all neutrophil responses are necessarily linked by a common pathway that is blocked by inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism.     

金霉素发酵初期的生长分析与混沌现象

用多参数全自动发酵罐进行金霉素发酵实验，研究了发酵初期菌体生长特性且初步说明了混沌现象。通过对菌体比生长速率（μ）的即时模拟曲线与葡萄糖消耗速率曲线的比较，对金霉素发酵初期的生长状态进行了较深入分析，并且通过呼吸商（RQ）与PH的曲线分析，对上述分析作了进一步的解释。结果表明，通过对初始状态作轻微改变，使菌体的比生长速率在短时间内达到最大值（0.06h^-1-0.08h^-1）后稳定在一个适当的范围内时，不仅可以使效价有较大提高，而且使发酵周期缩短。     

SPE-HPLC法检测早胜牛肉中土霉素、四环素和金霉素的残留

目的 建立同时测定早胜牛肉中残留的土霉素、四环素和金霉素同相萃取-高效液相色谱方法.方法 以Na2EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲溶液(pH4.0)为样品提取液,15％三氯乙酸为蛋白沉淀剂,周相萃取柱净化富集目标物,草酸0.01 mol/L／乙腈/甲醇溶液为流动相,紫外检测器350 nm处检测,外标法进行定量.结果 在优化前处理和分析条件下,3种抗生素在质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r2＞0.998,土霉素、四环素、金霉素的检出限分别为18、15和30 μg/kg,样品加标平均回收率为76.10％～95.22％,相对标准偏差＜10％.结论 方法的灵敏度和精密度较高,且重复性好,适用于牛肉样品中土霉素、四环素和金霉素残留的检测.     

金霉素眼膏预防造血干细胞移植患者鼻腔出血的疗效观察

目的 探讨金霉素眼膏在预防造血干细胞移植患者鼻腔出血中的疗效.方法 将2004年1月～2008年12月131例患者应用0.025%碘伏护理鼻腔,作为碘伏组;将2009年1月～2011年7月194例患者应用0.025%碘伏加金霉素眼膏护理鼻腔,作为金霉素组.比较两组疗效的差异.结果 金霉素组出现鼻腔出血5例;碘伏组出现鼻腔出血22例;两组预防鼻腔出血效果比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 金霉素眼膏在预防造血干细胞移植患者鼻腔出血方面效果显著,可应用于临床.     

高效液相色谱法测定禽肉中四环素族残留量

目的建立禽肉中四环素族残留量的检测方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法，C18柱，流动相为0.01mol／L草酸铵溶液-二甲基甲酰胺-用氨试液调pH=8．3的0.02mol／L磷酸二氢铵（68：27：5），检测波长为370nm。结果回收率土霉素为99．7％-104．4％，四环素为92.5％～97.5％，金霉素为102.2％-104.6％。重复进样的RSD=0.71％（n=5）；土霉素、四环素、金霉素线形范围分别为0．09518—0.036632μg／mL，0.248～0.992μg／mL，0．09706～0.38842μg／mL，r=0.9998（n=5）。结论该方法准确可靠，能够满足禽肉中四环素族质量控制要求。     

Comparative study of the effect of human cervical mucus and a cervical mucus substitute, Healonid, on capacitation and the acrosome reaction of human spermatozoa in vitro

The present study was designed to investigate the effect ofhuman cervical mucus on capacitation and the acrosome reactionof human spermatozoa and compare its effect to that of a cervicalmucus substitute, sodium hyaluronate (Healonid). Spermatozoafrom donors of proven fertility were isolated from semen usingcervical mucus, Healonid or a direct swim-up (acting as thecontrol). Sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction weremonitored by the chlortetracycline assay. In the mucus-treatedgroup, there was a significantly higher percentage of capacitatedspermatozoa, but a low incidence of spontaneous and A23187-inducedacrosome reactions compared to the control. The use of Healonidduring sperm isolation mimicked the effect of mucus relativelysuccessfully. Since mucus and Healonid show very little chemicalsimilarity, this finding would imply that cervical mucus exertsa physical effect during its interaction with spermatozoa, althougha chemical effect cannot be completely dismissed. In conclusion,this study confirms early reports describing the ability ofcervical mucus to capacitate spermatozoa but at the same timeconserve sperm function. The finding that Healonid exerts analmost identical effect on spermatozoa would lend support toits use as a cervical mucus substitute during in-vitro fertilityassessments and research studies.