面部软硬组织矢状关系Wits值分析方法的相关研究

目的:探讨面部软硬组织Wits值分析方法在评价上下颌骨矢状关系中的相关性.方法:选用60例成人正常(牙合)头颅侧位片,其中男性30人,女性30人.采用相同的测量平面-(牙合)平面,分别测量硬组织、软组织Wits值,用SPSS软件包对两者间的相关性进行统计分析.结果:①硬组织Wits值与软组织Wits值具有高度相关性,相关系数0.746.②硬组织Wits值与软组织Wits值均无性别差异.③软组织Wits法的正常值为0.455±2.656.结论:临床可考虑用软组织A、B点替代硬组织A、B点进行面部矢状关系的测量.     

The use of linear and angular measurements of maxillo-mandibular anteroposterior discrepancies

A new reference plane where the anteroposterior discrepancy between maxilla and mandible could be measured, namely the bisector of the palatal plane to mandibular plane angle, has recently been proposed. The aims of the present investigation were to extend the assessment of the clinical significance of this measurement to a large group of randomly selected patients of both sexes, and to verify the correlation of this measurement to well-established angular and linear assessments of anteroposterior discrepancy. On the pretreatment lateral cephalograms of 306 orthodontic patients (165 males, 141 females) aged between 6 and 50 years, the following measurements were obtained: ANB angle; corrected ANB* angle (computed as: ANB* = original ANB angle + 0.5 × (81.5°-SNA angle) + 0.25 × (32°-SN-GoMe angle), which compensates for the position of the maxilla and rotation of the mandible relative to the cranial base; Wits appraisal; MM-Wits: linear distance between the projections of A and B points on the bisector of the palatal plane to mandibular plane angle. The MM-Wits distance was significantly correlated to two angles (ANB and ANB*), as well as with the Wits appraisal. All the correlations performed did not show sex- or age-characteristic patterns. The correlation to the corrected ANB* was the best among the three, with a correlation coefficient of 0.915, MM-Wits (mm) = 1.497 × ANB* (degrees) ?6.784. From the correlation, reference values for the new measurement have also been estimated, and found to be between ?0.65 and ?6.85 mm for skeletal Class I individuals. Nevertheless, it is recommended that the diagnosis of orthodontic anomalies should be performed taking into consideration more than a single anteroposterior appraisal.     

重庆地区正常人头影测量Coben及Wits分析与颅面结构特征的研究

目的 :建立重庆地区正常人群Coben、Wits分析法的正常值 ,探讨颅颌面结构的地区、性别特征。方法 :选择 182例重庆籍正常样本 ,成人 42例 (男 19例 ,女 2 3例 ) ,年龄 18-2 1岁 ;儿童 14 0例 (男 62例 ,女 78例 ) ,年龄 12— 16岁。所有样本拍摄X线头颅定位侧位片 ,进行头影测量及男女间、儿童与成人间的比较。并与上海地区成人Coben分析法的正常值作比较。结果 :得到重庆地区正常人群Coben、Wits分析法的正常值。儿童与成人间差别体现在线距方面。男女间在线距、比例指数上均存在差别 ,经成组t检验 ,多变量方差分析有统计学意义。线距项目正常值重庆地区与上海地区调查结果存在差别 ,比例指数项目基本无差别。结论 :Coben分析法正常值男女间颅面部大小、比例关系上存在差别 ,不同地区人群头影测量值存在差别。     

ANB角与Wits值评价颌骨矢状不调的研究

目的分析X线头影测量参数ANB角与Wits值在评价安氏Ⅱ类错颌骨矢状位置不调中的差异。方法为84例青少年安氏Ⅱ类与40例安氏Ⅰ类错患者正畸治疗前拍摄X线头颅侧位片,选择与ANB角和Wits值相关的十项头影测量项目,将安氏Ⅱ类错患者分为两组后与安氏Ⅰ类错组进行单因素方差分析。结果ANB角与Wits值在评价安氏Ⅱ类错颌骨矢状位置不调时具有显著性差异;差值较大组,平面较陡,矢状不调更显严重。结论患者颌骨矢状不调较严重且平面较陡者,ANB角与Wits值差异较大,ANB角更能反映其真实性。     

安氏Ⅲ类错牙合的W角、ANB角和Wits值相关性分析

目的:探讨W角、ANB角和Wits值对安氏Ⅲ类错牙合畸形患者颌骨矢状关系评价的可靠性。方法:选取38例恒牙列期安氏Ⅲ类错牙合畸形患者的X线头颅定位侧位片,计算其W角,Wits值,ANB值及其变异系数,并对三者进行相关性分析。结果:三项测量指标变异程度不同,W角,Wits值和ANB值的变异系数分别为0.05、0.40、0.65,且三者间均存在相关性。结论:W角,Wits值和ANB角均可作为评价安氏Ⅲ类患者颌骨矢状向关系的指标,但W角可能更具有可靠性。     

Environmental,Social, and Structural Constraints for Health Behavior: Perceptions of Young Urban Black Women During the Preconception Period—A Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative

ObjectiveObesity and noncommunicable disease are rapidly increasing in sub-Saharan Africa. Prevention efforts are critical, particularly for women before conception to maximize intergenerational effects. The authors sought to examine perceptions of health and everyday factors that influenced nutrition, exercise, and other health behaviors to inform a novel community preconception intervention.DesignFour focus groups, each with 6–10 participants, were conducted using semistructured interview guides.SettingUrban Soweto, South Africa.ParticipantsYoung nulliparous women aged 18–24 years were recruited using snowball sampling.Phenomenon of InterestHealth behaviors of young women and barriers and facilitators to these behaviors.AnalysisAfter inductive thematic analysis, data were further interpreted within the theoretical framework of the Behavior Change Wheel.ResultsThe data suggested an obesogenic environment in which structural and social factors strongly influenced young women's health choices and limited their capacity for behavior change.Conclusions and ImplicationsCommunity interventions to improve young women's diet, physical activity, and health should recognize (1) the home and social contexts as a source of both role models and barriers to change, (2) the current normalization of obesity, and (3) contextual issues of safety and violence within the community. Understanding young women who overcome these barriers could be beneficial.