The need for a revival of psychoanalytic investigations into premature ejaculation

Although psychoanalysis was the first-choice treatment for premature ejaculation (PE) between 1920 and 1960, hardly any reports on its efficacy have been published. Moreover, a scientific debate about its findings has never been fully developed. The recent progress that has been made in the classification of three different PE syndromes creates a new opportunity for psychoanalytic investigations of men with complaints of PE, distinguished by the actual duration of their intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT). The term premature-like ejaculatory dysfunction has been introduced to distinguish men with self-perceived PE at normal and long IELT durations from those men with lifelong, acquired and normal variable PE. Psychoanalytic research may contribute to a better understanding of the consequences of objective early ejaculations on the unconscious mental life of men with the four forms of PE. By integrating neurobiological, clinical and epidemiological data of ejaculatory performance, a revival of psychoanalytic research of PE in the four distinct, classified PE groups, will probably contribute to a deeper insight in to the unconscious mental life of men affected by PE.     

在深静脉血栓—肺栓塞病程中腔静脉滤器的应用价值分析

目的：探讨腔静脉滤器(Vena cava filter VCF)在深静脉血栓(Deep venous thrombosis DVT)—肺栓塞(Pulmonary embolism PE)病程中的应用价值。方法：结合本组25例高危深静脉血栓一肺栓塞患者，对其中24例置放5种构型的永久型或临时型下腔静脉滤器(IVCF)26枚的临床疗效、影响病程与预后因素及病生理改变，复习文献分析讨论。结果：DVT有可能脱落导致PE或致死性肺栓塞；置放IVCF可有效预防肺栓塞，早期进行溶栓治疗，改变预后。结论：严格按适应证植入IVCF，对DVT—PE的早期治疗和预防致死性肺栓塞有重要意义，但其应用价值需进行综合评价和进一步探讨。     

Polyethylenes Having Well‐Defined Bimodal Molecular Weight Distributions Formed with Bis(phenoxy‐imine) Zr Complexes

Summary: Bis(phenoxy‐imine) Zr complexes with MAO activation can produce polyethylenes with well‐defined bimodal molecular weight distributions. Polymerization behavior indicates that minor changes in the ligand structures can have a significant effect on the modality of the resulting polyethylenes. Although there is no direct relationship between the bimodal catalytic behavior and the structure of a precatalyst complex in solution, a precatalyst complex having a methyl or methoxy group para to the phenoxy‐oxygen inclined to exhibit bimodal behavior whereas that with a pentafluorophenyl group on the imine‐nitrogen displayed unimodal behavior. Polymerization results suggest that bimodal behavior is linked to the presence of two kinds of cationic active species, which arise from different modes of ligand coordination. A qualitative correlation was found between the calculated amounts of possible cationic active species and the uni‐ and bimodal catalytic behavior. Based on the results obtained, we concluded that the bimodal polyethylenes are produced by two kinds of cationic active species having two available cis‐located sites with cis‐N, trans‐O and cis‐N, cis‐O arrangements. The results introduced herein are rare examples of the production of well‐defined bimodal polyethylenes using a single precatalyst.

Bis(phenoxy imine) Zr complexes can produce well‐defined bimodal polyethylenes.     

Role of Der p 1–specific B cells in immune tolerance during 2 years of house dust mite–specific immunotherapy

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Renewal of the membrane complex of Schistosoma mansoni is closely associated with lipid metabolism

Metabolic pathways leading to lipid biosynthesis in four different developmental stages of Schistosoma mansoni were explored and quantified by incubation in the presence of labeled precursors in a chemically defined medium. At the schistosomulum stage and in male, female, or paired worms, glycerol and oleate incorporation into neutral lipids, mainly in the form of triacylglycerols, was greater than into phospholipids, whereas in 11-and 15-day-old worms, synthesis mainly led to phospholipids. Incorporation into phospholipids was recovered largely in phosphatidylcholine, and distribution into other phospholipids depended on the developmental stage. Incorporation of choline and ethanolamine into their respective phospholipids represented up to 15% of the parasitic phospholipid content. The formation of phosphatidylcholine by phosphatidylethanolamine methylation occurred mainly in the immature parasitic stages. Inositol incorporation was also measurable, whereas [14C]serine incorporation was low or undetectable. Addition of 1-palmitoyl-2-[14C]oleyl phosphatidylcholine revealed a very high uptake of this phospholipid by the immature stages but further metabolism was not detectable. In contrast, adult S. mansoni were completely unable to take up or absorb this exogenous phospholipid. The most striking aspect of this study was the relatively high metabolic activity in 11-day-old worms and the lower but sustained activity on day 15 and at the schistosomulum stage. By comparison, biosynthetic activity in adult S. mansoni, on which research studies have been focused until now, was very low. We also discuss the participation of lipid metabolism in the constant renewal of the membrane complex which is essential to parasitism by S. mansoni.     

New Insights into Lamellar Twisting in Transcrystalline Polyethylene

Summary: The morphology of the transcrystalline layer grown by nucleating high density polyethylene on fibers of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene was investigated by microbeam synchrotron X‐ray diffraction. Scanning with a 2 micron step size, it was possible to determine that near the fiber surface, the polymer chains of the transcrystalline layer are oriented at an angle of approx. 41° with respect to the fiber axis. This is consistent with the lamellar fold surface (the {201} plane) being close to perpendicular to the fiber axis. The X‐ray data support gradual twisting of the lamellae about the growth direction (the orthorhombic crystallite b‐axis) at a rate of ～0.85° per micron of radial distance from the fiber surface.

Polarized light micrograph of the transcrystalline layer in a PE/PE composite. The width of the fiber is approximately 20 μm.     

Synergistic convergence of microbiota-specific systemic IgG and secretory IgA

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Synthesis and Characterization of Hyperbranched Polyethylenes Made with Nickel‐α‐Diimine Catalysts

The polymerization of ethylene in the presence of 1,4‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)acenaphthenediiminenickel(II) dichloride ( 1 ) and methylaluminoxane (MAO) gives hyperbranched polyethylene (HBPE) in appropriate reaction conditions. The system 1 /MAO is active in solvents like toluene or hexane at temperatures as high as 80 °C and ethylene pressures ranging from 1 to 15 atm. The polyethylenes obtained show high molecular weights (up to 467 kg · mol^?1) and more than 218 branches per 1 000 backbone carbon atoms, qualifying these materials as hyperbranched. Dynamic‐mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) of these materials shows high β‐transitions, directly related to the branch content of these polyethylenes.

DMTA analysis of polyethylenes obtained with 1 /MAO at 0, 30, and 50 °C (corresponding to entries 1, 2 and 3).