Pleural flap to prevent lobar torsion: a novel technique

Lobar torsion is reported as very rare but sometimes catastrophic complication if overlooked during the early postoperative period following a lobectomy, though it is totally preventable. In this novel technique, a piece of parietal pleural flap is harvested from the posterior wall of the chest using a hook diathermy while keeping its upper border as close to the apex as possible. Finally, distal end of the flap is secured to the upper edge of the lobe using a fine monofilament absorbable suture. This procedure not only protects the lobe from rotation but also maintains continuous expansion of the lung in the early postoperative period and may, therefore, be a good option to prevent such a serious complication in selected patients following a lobectomy.     

胸腔镜辅助小切口手术诊治肺周围型结节

目的探讨胸腔镜辅助小切口手术在诊断和治疗肺周围型结节病变中的临床应用价值。方法胸腔镜辅助小切口手术诊治肺周围型结节55例，其中单发结节54例，多发结节1例。肺楔形切除术23例；肺叶切除联合淋巴结清扫治疗原发性肺癌32例，采用常规开胸手术器械及胸腔镜用器械切除肺叶，自制淋巴结摘除钳完成淋巴结清扫。结果55例均在胸腔镜下完成手术。手术时间35～180min，平均109min，术中出血量50～400ml，平均122min。均未输血，1例术后漏气术后32d出院，1例切口延迟愈合，术后19d出院，余53例术后住院4～11d，平均8．3d。无严重并发症。术后病理：良性病变15例，原发性肺癌38例，非典型性腺瘤样增生1例，转移性肺癌1例。良性病变行肺楔形切除术，32例原发性肺癌行解剖学肺叶切除联合淋巴结清扫，4例肺癌胸膜广泛播散未手术处理，2例肺癌因肺功能差行姑息性肺楔形切除。结论胸腔镜辅助小切口手术有助于明确诊断肺周围型结节病变，治疗临床早期原发性肺癌的长期疗效有待随访观察。     

Lobectomy with extended lymph node dissection by video-assisted thoracic surgery for lung cancer

Background: Between September 1992 and September 1996, we performed 88 VATS (video-assisted thoracic surgery) lobectomies and two VATS pneumonectomies. Methods: The indications for surgery were 68 cases of lung cancer, nine cases of bronchiectasis, six cases of tuberculosis, and seven cases of benign lesions. Of the 68 cases of lung cancer, 36 were treated by VATS lobectomy with extended lymph node dissection for clinical stage I lung cancer, making full use of recently developed devices for thoracoscopic surgery, such as roticulating endoscissors, miniretractors, endoclips, and harmonic scalpels. Results: Twenty-four lymph nodes were resected on average (range, 10 to 51) by VATS. This number was comparable to lymph nodes resected in open thoracotomy during the same period. Among the 36 patients who underwent extended lymph node dissection, 20 showed no lymph node metastasis postoperatively (stage I), while 16 had N1 or N2 cancer. All patients with stage I cancer have survived 4 to 36 months (median: 17 months) with no signs of recurrence. Conclusions: This survival of stage I lung cancer after VATS is comparable to that of open thoracotomy. We thus believe that VATS lobectomy with extended lymph node dissection can be an alternative to standard posterolateral thoracotomy for stage I lung cancer. Received: 10 May 1996/Accepted: 19 November 1996     

定时与自主湿化气道对肺叶切除术后患者排痰效果的疗效分析

目的探讨定时与自主湿化气道对肺叶切除术后患者排痰效果的影响。方法选择肺叶切除术后患者97例，随机分成实验组49例、对照组48例。实验组患者在术后采用定时予自主湿化气道方法促进痰液排出；对照组患者采用常规方法湿化气道促进痰液排出。观察两组患者术后痰液黏稠程度显著低于对照组，咳痰能力和术后并发症的发生率。结果实验组与对照组比较，实验组术后12h、18h、24h、30h痰液黏稠度、咳痰能力优于对照组，差异有显著意义（P〈0．005）；术后并发症的发生率实验组低于对照组，差异有显著意义（P〈0．05）。结论肺叶切除术后采用定时与自主湿化气道法促进患者排痰效果显著优于常规湿化气道法，可广泛应用于临床。     

肺隔离症17例手术治疗分析

目的：探讨肺隔离症的手术治疗方法和效果。方法回顾性分析该院在2003年3月-2014年3月间收治的17例肺隔离症患者的临床资料。结果①该组17例患者中,术前确诊者13例;术中确诊4例;②采用肺叶切除术对患者进行治疗,全部痊愈,无1例死亡;③术后并发症的发生率为17.64豫(3/17),经对症处理后均缓解;④术后随访6个月~10年,复查X线胸片和CT,结果显示均正常。结论肺隔离症是临床中比较少见的肺先天性畸形,临床表现无特异性,易发生误诊和漏诊,临床中以肺叶切除术治疗为主,效果良好,值得临床推广。     

连续231例全电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗非小细胞肺癌近、远期疗效分析

目的 探讨全电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗非小细胞肺癌的安全性、可靠性及近、远期疗效。 方法回顾性分析自2006年6月至2011年3月南京医科大学第一附属医院231例非小细胞肺癌采用全电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗的临床资料,其中男132例,女99例;年龄15～81 （59.51±11.90） 岁。Ⅰa期149例、Ⅰb期50例、Ⅱa期14例、Ⅱb期13例、Ⅲa期5例。腺癌152例、鳞癌41例、细支气管肺泡细胞癌23例、腺鳞癌5例、大细胞癌4例、其它癌6例。对随访结果进行统计分析,分析近、远期的生存率。 结果 无围术期死亡。手术时间60～370 （199.14±51.04） min,出血量10～2 300 （168.19±176.39） ml。围术期发生并发症37例,包括肺漏气、肺部感染、肺不张、心律失常、皮下气肿等,上述并发症均经保守治疗后治愈或好转。清扫淋巴结 （11.14±5.49） 枚,淋巴结站数3.66±1.52。有51例（22.08%）患者术后分期较术前有所提高。术后住院时间3～36 （10.79±5.13） d,术后肺漏气、肺部感染、术前合并慢性肺部疾病（慢性支气管炎、哮喘等）及中度至重度肺功能障碍是延长患者住院时间的主要因素。随访228例患者,平均随访时间40.83 （22～82） 个月,3例失访。228例患者各分期5年总生存率：Ⅰ期85.78％、Ⅱ期52.54％、Ⅲ～Ⅳ期32.70％;5年无瘤生存率：Ⅰ期80.00％、Ⅱ期45.37％、Ⅲ～Ⅳ期20.99％。 结论 全电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术不仅切口小、创伤小、疼痛轻,而且术后功能恢复快、住院时间短。生存率与国内外相关报道相类似,全电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术可完成解剖意义上的肿瘤彻底切除和淋巴结清扫。电视胸腔镜肺叶切除术必将成为肺部疾病治疗的标准手术术式之一。     

Early outcomes of lung resections in non-small cell lung cancer after COVID-19 pneumonia

ObjectiveThere is limited literature on patients with a history of COVID-19 pneumonia who underwent anatomical lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study was aimed to share the early postoperative outcomes in patients who underwent lung resection after COVID-19 pneumonia.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively evaluated 30 patients who underwent lobectomy with thoracotomy and systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection due to NSCLC in a single center between November 2018 and September 2021. The patients were divided into two groups regarding COVID-19 pneumonia history; the COVID-19 group consisted of 14 patients (46.7%) and the non-COVID-19 group 16 (53.3%) patients. The patients’ age, gender, comorbidity, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) value, tumor type and size, resection type, postoperative air leak duration, total drainage volume, drain removal time, postoperative complications, and length of stay (LOS) were recorded.Results9 (30%) patients were female, and 21 (70%) were male. The mean age was 62.1 ± 8.91 years. Our comparison of postoperative air leak duration, total drainage volume, time to drain removal, postoperative complications, and LOS between the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups revealed no statistically significant difference.ConclusionAnatomical lung resection can be performed safely in NSCLC patients with a history of COVID-19 pneumonia without significant difference in early postoperative morbidity and mortality.     

超声引导联合全麻对老年肺癌肺叶切除术患者NGF-β、MBP及术后转归分析

目的分析超声引导联合全麻对老年肺癌肺叶切除术患者血清神经生长因子-β(NGF-β)、髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)及术后转归影响。 方法选择2020年2月至2021年3月我院收治的65例老年肺癌患者,随机分为观察组35例和对照组30例,观察组采用超声引导联合,全麻对照组采用全麻。对比两组手术相关情况,术中各时间点平均动脉压、心率,术后早期肺活量情况,术后镇痛效果,术前术后NGF-β、MBP水平变化,术后早期康复质量,术后认知功能障碍发生率,术后不良反应发生率。 结果两组手术时间、麻醉时间、苏醒时间、住院时间均无显著差异(P>0.05);观察组插管时、切皮时、拔管时均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后12 h、术后24 h、术后48 h早期肺活量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后镇痛补救率、镇痛泵按压次数、输注总量、术后6 h视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、术后12 h VAS均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后NGF-β水平显著低于对照组,MBP水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后12 h、术后48 h、术后72 h的术后恢复质量量表(QOR-40)评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后6 h、术后12 h、术后24 h认知障碍发生率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组不良反应总发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。 结论超声引导联合全麻可有效改善老年肺癌肺叶切除术患者血清NGF-β、MBP水平,提高镇痛效果,促进术后早期转归。