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1.
Nicholas B. Abt Lauren E. Miller Tara E. Mokhtari Derrick T. Lin Jeremy D. Richmon Daniel G. Deschler Mark A. Varvares Sidharth V. Puram 《American journal of otolaryngology》2021,42(6):103070
ObjectiveTo determine prognostic factors and survival patterns for different treatment modalities for nasal cavity (NC) and paranasal sinus (PS) mucosal melanoma (MM).MethodsPatients from 1973 to 2013 were analyzed using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable cox proportional hazard modeling were used for survival analyses.ResultsOf 928 cases of mucosal melanoma (NC = 632, PS = 302), increasing age (Hazard Ratio [HR]:1.05/year, p < 0.001), T4 tumors (HR: 1.81, p = 0.02), N1 status (HR: 6.61, p < 0.001), and PS disease (HR: 1.50, p < 0.001) were associated with worse survival. Median survival length was lower for PS versus NC (16 versus 26 months, p < 0.001). Surgery and surgery + radiation therapy (RT) improved survival over non-treatment or RT alone (p < 0.001). Adding RT to surgery did not yield a survival difference compared with surgery alone (p = 0.43). Five-year survival rates for surgery and surgery + RT were similar, at 27.7% and 25.1% (p = 0.43).ConclusionSurgery increased survival significantly over RT alone. RT following surgical resection did not improve survival. 相似文献
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Marike Gabrielson Mattias Hammarström Magnus Bäcklund Jenny Bergqvist Kristina Lång Ann H Rosendahl Signe Borgquist Roxanna Hellgren Kamila Czene Per Hall 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2023,152(11):2362-2372
Tamoxifen prevents recurrence of breast cancer and is suggested for preventive risk-reducing therapy. Tamoxifen reduces mammographic density, a proxy for therapy response, but little is known about its effects in remodelling normal breast tissue. Our study, a substudy within the double-blinded dose-determination trial KARISMA, investigated tamoxifen-specific changes in breast tissue composition and histological markers in healthy women. We included 83 healthy women randomised to 6 months daily intake of 20, 10, 5, 2.5, 1 mg of tamoxifen or placebo. The groups were combined to “no dose” (0-1 mg), “low-dose” (2.5-5 mg) or “high-dose” (10-20 mg) of tamoxifen. Ultrasound-guided biopsies were collected before and after tamoxifen exposure. In each biopsy, epithelial, stromal and adipose tissues was quantified, and expression of epithelial and stromal Ki67, oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) analysed. Mammographic density using STRATUS was measured at baseline and end-of-tamoxifen-exposure. We found that different doses of tamoxifen reduced mammographic density and glandular-epithelial area in premenopausal women and associated with reduced epithelium and increased adipose tissue. High-dose tamoxifen also decreased epithelial ER and PR expressions in premenopausal women. Premenopausal women with the greatest reduction in proliferation also had the greatest epithelial reduction. In postmenopausal women, high-dose tamoxifen decreased the epithelial area with no measurable density decrease. Tamoxifen at both low and high doses influences breast tissue composition and expression of histological markers in the normal breast. Our findings connect epithelial proliferation with tissue remodelling in premenopausal women and provide novel insights to understanding biological mechanisms of primary prevention with tamoxifen. 相似文献
4.
Kara S. Tanaka MD Veronica R. Andaya BA Steven W. Thorpe MD Kenneth R. Gundle MD James B. Hayden MD Yee-Cheen Duong MD Raffi S. Avedian MD David G. Mohler MD Lee J. Morse MD Melissa N. Zimel MD Richard J. O'Donnell MD Andrew Fang MD Robert Lor Randall MD Tina H. Tran BS Christin New BA Rosanna L. Wustrack MD other members of Study Group FORCE 《Journal of surgical oncology》2023,127(1):148-158
5.
S. Liu A. E. Patanwala J. M. Naylor N. Levy R. Knaggs J. A. Stevens B. Bugeja D. Begley K. E. Khor E. Lau R. Allen S. Adie J. Penm 《Anaesthesia》2023,78(10):1237-1248
Modified-release opioids are often prescribed for the management of moderate to severe acute pain following total hip and knee arthroplasty, despite recommendations against their use due to increasing concerns regarding harm. The primary objective of this multicentre study was to examine the impact of modified-release opioid use on the incidence of opioid-related adverse events compared with immediate-release opioid use, among adult inpatients following total hip or knee arthroplasty. Data for total hip and knee arthroplasty inpatients receiving an opioid analgesic for postoperative analgesia during hospitalisation were collected from electronic medical records of three tertiary metropolitan hospitals in Australia. The primary outcome was the incidence of opioid-related adverse events during hospital admission. Patients who received modified with or without immediate-release opioids were matched to those receiving immediate-release opioids only (1:1) using nearest neighbour propensity score matching with patient and clinical characteristics as covariates. This included total opioid dose received. In the matched cohorts, patients given modified-release opioids (n = 347) experienced a higher incidence of opioid-related adverse events overall, compared with those given immediate-release opioids only (20.5%, 71/347 vs. 12.7%, 44/347; difference in proportions 7.8% [95%CI 2.3–13.3%]). Modified-release opioid use was associated with an increased risk of harm when used for acute pain during hospitalisation after total hip or knee arthroplasty. 相似文献
6.
目的探讨非小细胞肺癌组织中微小RNA-139-5p(miR-139-5p)、钙黏蛋白相关蛋白(CTNNB1)表达与患者放射敏感性的关系。方法选取2017年2月—2021年5月于唐山市人民医院放化七科和肿瘤内科就诊的非小细胞肺癌患者癌组织156例为研究对象(研究组);另选取非小细胞肺癌患者86例癌旁正常肺组织作为对照组;根据放射治疗敏感性评定标准,将研究组患者分为进展亚组(n=28)、稳定亚组(n=42)、缓解亚组(n=86)。采用实时荧光定量PCR和免疫组织化学法分别检测肺癌组织、癌旁正常肺组织miR-139-5p、CTNNB1蛋白表达;分析非小细胞肺癌患者癌组织miR-139-5p、CTNNB1蛋白表达与临床病理特征及放射敏感性的关系;Spearman法分析非小细胞肺癌患者癌组织miR-139-5p表达水平与CTNNB1蛋白阳性表达的相关性;Logistic回归分析影响非小细胞肺癌患者放射敏感性的因素。结果研究组癌组织miR-139-5p表达水平低于对照组(t/P=15.204/0.000),CTNNB1蛋白阳性表达率高于对照组(χ2/P=59.206/0.000);miR-139-5p低表达患者中有淋巴结转移、组织分化程度低、TNM分期Ⅳ期患者比例高于miR-139-5p高表达患者(χ2/P=16.006/0.000、24.669/0.000、22.213/0.000);CTNNB1蛋白阴性表达患者中有淋巴结转移、组织分化程度低、TNM分期Ⅳ期患者比例低于CTNNB1蛋白阳性表达患者(χ2/P=21.922/0.000、22.959/0.000、30.108/0.000);非小细胞肺癌患者癌组织miR-139-5p表达水平与CTNNB1蛋白阳性表达呈负相关(r/P=-0.503/0.000);缓解亚组、稳定亚组、进展亚组miR-139-5p低表达率及CTNNB1蛋白阳性表达率依次升高(χ2/P=25.762/0.000、18.721/0.000);CTNNB1蛋白阳性表达、TNM分期高是影响放射敏感性的独立危险因素[OR(95%CI)=2.872(1.546~5.335)、2.732(1.459~5.115)],miR-139-5p高表达是影响放射敏感性的保护因素[OR(95%CI)=0.845(0.750~0.952)]。结论非小细胞肺癌组织中miR-139-5p表达下调、CTNNB1蛋白阳性表达上调,且一定程度上影响放射敏感性。 相似文献
7.
目的探讨“1+X”证书制度下生理学教学改革效果。方法根据职业教育教改精神和文献调研结果,对高职护理专业进行生理学教学改革。结果以岗位需求为量度确定教学目标,以“必需、够用”为原则拟定教学内容,将课程教学与护理过程对接,紧扣“1+X”证书制度,通过职教云平台建设生理学教学资源,融入思政内容,突出技能训练,有效开展基于护理过程的线上线下教学。结论2018级护理专业学生生理学考试成绩与2017级比较,平均分提高4.5分,及格率提高5.7%;参加河南省首届“1+X”老年照护职业技能等级考试的学生,技能考核通过率为100.0%,理论考试通过率为97.8%。 相似文献
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9.
摘要:微管是细胞骨架重要组成成分,是筛选抗肿瘤药物的重要靶标。海洋生态系统的极端环境使海洋生物具备产生独特
化学结构和生理活性天然产物的能力,为新药发现提供了物质基础。本文主要综述了1972-2021年从海洋生物中分离鉴定的成
药性较好的微管去稳定剂抗肿瘤药物的研究进展,总结了活性化合物来源、构效关系,临床研究进展,化学全合成及衍生物的
研究情况等,以期为医药工作者提供新的研究思路,推进靶向微管海洋抗肿瘤药物的发展。 相似文献
10.
目的: 观察木兰脂素对急性鼻窦炎(ARS)大鼠的治疗作用,并探讨其通过高迁移率家族蛋白1/ Toll样受体4/核因子-κB(HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB)信号通路的调控机制方法: 49只大鼠,随机取9 只作为正常组,40只用鼻窦腔内接种金黄色葡萄球菌法制备ARS模型,36只建模成功大鼠随机分为模型组、木兰脂素低剂量组、木兰脂素高剂量组、阳性组,各9只。木兰脂素低剂量组、木兰脂素高剂量组分别灌胃20、80 mg·kg-1体质量的木兰脂素,模型组和正常组灌胃等体质量溶媒,阳性组灌胃40 mg·kg-1 体质量左氧氟沙星,连续7 d。给药前、末次给药后1 h评估各组鼻窦炎症状评分;测定给药后各组血白细胞(WBC)计数及中性粒细胞占比,观察鼻窦黏膜病理组织学变化,检测鼻腔灌洗液中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素(IL)-6水平及鼻黏膜中HMGB1、TLR4、NF-κB mRNA和蛋白表达情况结果: 给药后,木兰脂素低剂量组、高剂量组、阳性组的急性鼻窦炎症状评分及血WBC计数均低于模型组,但仍高于正常组,且木兰脂素高剂量组及阳性组均低于木兰脂素低剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而木兰脂素高剂量组与阳性组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与给药前比较,给药后木兰脂素低剂量组、高剂量组及阳性组急性鼻窦炎症状评分均降低(P<0.05),正常组及模型组给药前后无明显差异(P>0.05)。与模型组比较,木兰脂素低剂量组、木兰脂素高剂量组、阳性组中性粒细胞占比均降低,且木兰脂素高剂量组低于木兰脂素低剂量组,阳性组低于木兰脂素高剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而阳性组与正常组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。HE染色显示,模型组大鼠纤毛脱落、缺失、排列紊乱,黏膜上皮破损、变性,黏膜内及黏膜下可见大量炎症细胞浸润; 木兰脂素低剂量组、木兰脂素高剂量组及阳性组上述病理变化均减轻,且木兰脂素高剂量组和阳性组炎症反应减轻更为明显。与模型组比较,木兰脂素低剂量组、木兰脂素高剂量组、阳性组鼻腔灌洗液中 TNF-α、IL-6水平及鼻黏膜中HMGB1、TLR4、NF-κB mRNA和蛋白相对表达量均降低,但仍高于正常组,且木兰脂素高剂量组及阳性组均低于木兰脂素低剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而木兰脂素高剂量组及阳性组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)结论: 木兰脂素治疗ARS效果显著,可能通过HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB信号通路抑制鼻黏膜炎症反应。 相似文献