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排序方式: 共有215条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
Objectives
The primary objective of this study was to compare the 12-month continuation rate for women who self-injected subcutaneous depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-SC) with that for women receiving intramuscular depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-IM) from a provider. This research contributes to the broader goal of identifying solutions to support women to use contraception for their full desired duration.Study design
Participants were clients from 13 clinics in the Dakar and Thiés regions of Senegal who had decided to use injectable contraception prior to enrollment. They chose self-injection of DMPA-SC or provider administration of DMPA-IM. Self-injectors were trained and given three units of DMPA-SC. The provider-injected group received DMPA-IM and returned to the clinics for future injections. We interviewed participants at baseline and after the second, third and fourth injections (the equivalent of 12?months of contraceptive coverage). We employed Kaplan–Meier methods to estimate continuation probabilities, with a log-rank test to compare differences between groups. A multivariate Cox regression identified factors correlated with discontinuation.Results
The 12-month continuation rate for 650 women self-injecting DMPA-SC was 80.2%, while that for 649 women receiving DMPA-IM from a provider was 70.4% (p<.01). The difference in continuation between self-injectors and those receiving DMPA from a provider remained significant in a multivariate Cox regression model. The primary reason for discontinuation in both groups (44.7% self-injected; 44.5% provider-injected) was forgetting to reinject or reinjecting late. Fewer women reported side effects in the self-injection group than in the provider-administered group.Conclusions
The higher 12-month continuation rate for women self-injecting DMPA-SC relative to provider-administered DMPA-IM suggests that self-injection may help prevent pregnancy more consistently and continuously.Implications
Discontinuation of injectable contraception among women wishing to avoid pregnancy may increase unmet need in francophone West Africa. This study showed higher 12-month continuation rates for women who self-injected DMPA-SC, suggesting that this delivery method may improve injectable continuation. 相似文献2.
3.
Lynn Ang Kelley M. Kidwell Brendan Dillon Jacob Reiss Fang Fang Virginia Leone Kara Mizokami-Stout Rodica Pop-Busui 《Journal of diabetes and its complications》2021,35(8):107949
AimsSodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors reduce blood pressure without compensatory heart rate elevation, possibly by modulating sympathetic/parasympathetic activity. This may contribute to their cardiovascular benefits in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We evaluated the effects of dapagliflozin (DAPA) on measures of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), cardiac function, and glucose variability (GV) in T2D.MethodsPilot, randomized, two-period crossover trial comparing 12-week DAPA versus 12-week glimepiride treatment on CAN measures (cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests and heart rate variability), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and GV (Abbott's Libre Pro devices) using signed rank tests and mixed models from baseline to 12 weeks within and between each period.ResultsForty-five T2D participants on metformin monotherapy (mean age 57 ± 8 years, duration 7 ± 6 years, HbA1c 7.8 ± 1.3%) were enrolled with 41 completing the trial. There were no differences in CAN indices or BNP with each drug compared to baseline and each other. Participants on DAPA demonstrated greater weight loss, reduced time in hypoglycemia, and improved GV compared to glimepiride.ConclusionsShort term treatment with DAPA did not affect CAN measures or BNP in uncomplicated and relatively healthy T2D participants. Longer prospective studies in patients with advanced disease are needed to better understand relationships between SGLT-2 inhibitors and CAN.Clinical trial registration: NCT02973477 相似文献
4.
Rainer Meierhenrich Marcelo E Helguera Gregory A Kidwell U Tebbe 《International journal of cardiology》1997,60(3):19-294
Increased QT dispersion, defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum QT interval on the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram, is assumed to reflect regional inhomogeneity of ventricular repolarization and has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of arrhythmic events. The purpose of the present study is to examine the influence of amiodarone on QT dispersion in patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and to evaluate the predictive value of QT dispersion after amiodarone therapy for further arrhythmic events. ECG's were obtained in 47 patients 1–2 days before and 6–8 weeks after amiodarone was started. All patients had coronary artery disease with a mean EF of 34±14%. The QT interval was measured in each lead of a digitized ECG displayed on a high resolution monitor (250 mm s−1). Amiodarone therapy resulted in a significant increase in the maximal QTc interval (476±44 to 505±44 ms, p<0.001). However, measurement of QT dispersion (70±34 vs 73±29 ms) and Qtc dispersion (78±37 vs 77±31 ms) revealed no significant difference before and after amiodarone. During a one year follow-up period 26 patients were free of arrhythmic events and 7 patients developed further arrhythmic events. The remaining 14 patients were excluded from the one year follow-up analysis because of drug discontinuation (n=8), death due to heart failure (n=1), medical intervention (n=3) and incomplete follow-up (n=2). No measure of QT dispersion was predictive of recurrent arrhythmic events during treatment with amiodarone.
Conclusion: Treatment with amiodarone results in significant QT prolongation without altering QT dispersion. Measurements of QT dispersion were not predictive of amiodarone efficacy in this patient population. 相似文献
5.
6.
缺血性卒中患者的早期处理指南--美国卒中学会卒中委员会科学声明 总被引:12,自引:9,他引:12
曲东锋 陈兴洲 李宏建 倪长江 Robert J.Adams Thomas Brott Anthony Furlan Robert L.Grubb Chelsea Kidwell John R.Marler 《国际脑血管病杂志》2003,11(5):323-339
1994年,美国心脏学会(AHA)卒中委员会委托一个专门研究小组撰写了急性缺血性卒中患者的处理指南。1996年,在静脉rtPA治疗急性缺血性卒中得到食品与药物管理局(FDA)批准后,这项指南又补充了一系列的推荐。自早先的指南发表以来,又有几种有前途的急性缺血性卒中治疗的干预方法先后经过了临床试验的评价,急性处理的其他组成部分也进行了进一步的评估,所有这些新的资料都促进了这一新版指南的出现。 相似文献
7.
8.
Over the past several years, active investigation into neuroimaging in the setting of acute ischemic stroke has improved our
understanding of and ability to visualize the dynamic pathophysiology of acute cerebrovascular disease. Efforts surrounding
the application of multimodal CT and MRI have resulted in a growing body of data from systematic evaluations of different
parameters, experience in the use of these techniques in guiding clinical decision making, and clinical trials employing neuroimaging
for patient selection, for proof of principle, and as a surrogate outcome measure. 相似文献
9.
Evgen'ev MB Zelentsova H Poluectova H Lyozin GT Veleikodvorskaja V Pyatkov KI Zhivotovsky LA Kidwell MG 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2000,97(21):11337-11342
Species of the virilis group of Drosophila differ by multiple inversions and chromosome fusions that probably accompanied, or led to, speciation. Drosophila virilis has the primitive karyotype for the group, and natural populations are exceptional in having no chromosomal polymorphisms. We report that the genomic locations of Penelope and Ulysses transposons are nonrandomly distributed in 12 strains of D. virilis. Furthermore, Penelope and Ulysses insertion sites in D. virilis show a statistically significant association with the breakpoints of inversions found in other species of the virilis group. Sixteen newly induced chromosomal rearrangements were isolated from the progeny of D. virilis hybrid dysgenic crosses, including 12 inversions, 2 translocations, and 2 deletions. Penelope and Ulysses were associated with the breakpoints of over half of these new rearrangements. Many rearrangement breakpoints also coincide with the chromosomal locations of Penelope and Ulysses insertions in the parental strains and with breakpoints of inversions previously established for other species of the group. Analysis of homologous sequences from D. virilis and Drosophila lummei indicated that Penelope insertion sites were closely, but not identically, located at the nucleotide sequence level. Overall, these results indicate that Penelope and Ulysses insert in a limited number of genomic locations and are consistent with the possibility that these elements play an important role in the evolution of the virilis species group. 相似文献
10.
The imaging workup for patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke has advanced significantly over the past few years. Evaluation
is no longer limited to noncontrast computed tomography, but now frequently also includes vascular and perfusion imaging.
Although acute stroke imaging has made significant progress in the last few decades with the development of multimodal approaches,
there are still many unanswered questions regarding their appropriate use in the setting of daily patient care. It is important
for all physicians taking care of stroke patients to be familiar with current multimodal computed tomography and magnetic
resonance imaging techniques, including their strengths, limitations, and their role in guiding therapy. 相似文献