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1.
Parcel GS O'Hara-Tompkins NM Harrist RB Basen-Engquist KM McCormick LK Gottlieb NH Eriksen MP 《Health education research》1995,10(3):297-307
This paper presents the results of theory-based intervention strategies to increase the adoption of a tobacco prevention program. The adoption intervention followed a series of dissemination intervention strategies targeted at 128 school districts in Texas. Informed by Social Cognitive Theory, the intervention provided opportunities for districts to learn about and model themselves after 'successful' school districts that had adopted the program, and to see the potential for social reinforcement through the knowledge that the program had the potential to have an important influence on students' lives. The proportion of districts in the Intervention condition that adopted the program was significantly greater than in the Comparison condition (P < 0.001). Stepwise logistic regression indicated that the variables most closely related to adoption among intervention districts were teacher attitudes toward the innovation and organizational considerations of administrators. Recommendations for the development of effective strategies for the diffusion of innovations are presented. 相似文献
2.
K W Cullen L M Koehly C Anderson T Baranowski A Prokhorov K Basen-Engquist D Wetter A Hergenroeder 《American journal of preventive medicine》1999,17(1):1-7
BACKGROUND: Major life transitions (e.g., graduation from high school) are times when many changes occur in a person's social and physical environment. Men and women likely experience aspects of these changes differently. As a result, health-related behaviors likely change at these times with possible differences in these changes by gender. METHODS: Gender differences in the performance of chronic disease risk-related behaviors (fruit, juice, and vegetable intake; physical activity; tobacco and alcohol use; and sexual practices) through the transition out of high school (HS) were assessed in a secondary analysis of a nationally representative sample from the 1992 National Health Interview Survey-Youth Risk Behavior Survey. The survey was completed by 5881 young people aged 14 to 21 years. Regression discontinuity analysis with piecewise regression was performed. RESULTS: Statistically significant gender by transition effects were obtained for exercise/physical activity (decreases at the transition point for males), snuff use (decrease for females in HS), binge drinking and number of days drinking alcohol (increases for males at the transition point), and use of alcohol or drugs before sexual intercourse (decrease for females post HS). Fruit intake decreased for males and females and daily and heavy cigarette smoking increased during the HS years. Effect sizes were small but promising, given that the data set was not designed to test this hypothesis. CONCLUSION: These data offer evidence of differences by gender in chronic disease risk behaviors through the HS transition. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess the true nature of these differences, the tracking of these risk behaviors and their personal, social, and environmental determinants, including gender-specific determinants, that may explain these changes and inform future intervention development. 相似文献
3.
Scott B Cantor Lawrence B Levy Marylou Cárdenas-Turanzas Karen Basen-Engquist Tao Le J Robert Beck Michele Follen 《Medical decision making》2006,26(3):265-272
BACKGROUND: Data on direct non-health care and time costs are rarely collected, though the incorporation of such data is essential for performing cost-effectiveness analyses according to established guidelines. OBJECTIVES: To explore the challenges involved in collecting and analyzing these data from patients enrolled in a clinical trial. METHODS: Through the use of a pilot study, the authors designed a questionnaire to collect these costs. They used this questionnaire in a clinical trial conducted at a comprehensive cancer center and a public community hospital. Patients in the trial were undergoing screening or diagnostic procedures through a clinical protocol designed to measure the effectiveness of fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy for detecting cervical precancers. Direct non-health care costs were adjusted to 2003 constant dollars. RESULTS: The authors successfully collected direct non-health care and time cost data, thus demonstrating the feasibility of acquiring such data. Compared to patients receiving diagnostic services for cervical cancer, those receiving screening services for the same condition in both settings incurred lower direct non-health care costs and time costs, as defined in the questionnaire. Compared to patients receiving either service at the comprehensive cancer center, those seeking either service at the public community hospital incurred lower direct non-health care costs and time costs. When outliers were removed, total direct non-health care costs and time costs substantially decreased for diagnostic patients in the comprehensive cancer center; total direct non-health care costs and time costs for other subgroups remained essentially unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Direct non-health care and time cost data can be collected within a large-scale clinical trial. The setting (community v. specialty hospital) and population (patients receiving screening v. diagnostic examination) makes a difference regarding the cost totals. The order of magnitude of the final result depends on the context in which the non-health care and time cost data will be used. 相似文献
4.
C Markham E Baumler R Richesson G Parcel K Basen-Engquist G Kok D Wilkerson 《AIDS education and prevention》2000,12(5):442-454
Qualitative and quantitative data from Safer Choices, a school-based multicomponent HIV prevention program, were examined to determine the impact of HIV-positive speakers on inner-city adolescents' HIV risk perception and empathy for people with HIV or AIDS. Inductive analyses were used to assess student reactions to speakers. Multilevel regression modeling techniques were used to analyze student survey data (n = 1,491) to determine the effect of speakers alone, as well as in combination with the multicomponent intervention, and a knowledge-based curriculum (comparison condition). Results showed that speakers were highly popular with students and teachers, and had a positive short-term impact on students' attitudes. Although not statistically significant, the combination of intervention and speakers had the greatest impact on outcome variables. Integrating HIV-positive speakers into multicomponent programs may have a positive impact on inner-city youth. Utilizing speakers without other educational components may have minimal effects. Strategies for training and utilizing HIV-positive speakers in school settings are included. 相似文献
5.
Min Soon Kim Angela Burgess Andrew J. Waters Gregory P. Reece Elisabeth K. Beahm Melissa A. Crosby Karen M. Basen-Engquist Mia K. Markey 《Journal of digital imaging》2011,24(5):778-786
Appearance changes resulting from breast cancer treatment impact the quality of life of breast cancer survivors, but current
approaches to evaluating breast characteristics are very limited. It is challenging, even for experienced plastic surgeons,
to describe how different aspects of breast morphology impact overall assessment of esthetics. Moreover, it is difficult to
describe what they are looking for in a manner that facilitates quantification. The goal of this study is to assess the potential
of using eye-tracking technology to understand how plastic surgeons assess breast morphology by recording their gaze path
while they rate physical characteristics of the breasts, e.g., symmetry, based on clinical photographs. In this study, dwell
time, transition frequency, dwell sequence conditional probabilities, and dwell sequence joint probabilities were analyzed
across photographic poses and three observers. Dwell-time analysis showed that all three surgeons spent the majority of their
time on the anterior–posterior (AP) views. Similarly, transition frequency analysis between regions showed that there were
substantially more transitions between the breast regions in the AP view, relative to the number of transitions between other
views. The results of both the conditional and joint probability analyses between the breast regions showed that the highest
probabilities of transitions were observed between the breast regions in the AP view (APRB, APLB) followed by the oblique
views and the lateral views to complete evaluation of breast surgical outcomes. 相似文献
6.
Katherine Regan Sterba Richard J. Swartz Karen Basen-Engquist Peter C. Black Curtis A. Pettaway 《Supportive care in cancer》2011,19(8):1117-1124
Purpose
We examined quality of life in spouses of men in the Post-Adjuvant Androgen Deprivation trial after radical prostatectomy. 相似文献7.
Cheryl L. Rock PhD RD Cynthia A. Thomson PhD RD Kristen R. Sullivan MS MPH Carol L. Howe MD MLS Lawrence H. Kushi ScD Bette J. Caan DrPH Marian L. Neuhouser PhD RD Elisa V. Bandera MD PhD Ying Wang PhD Kimberly Robien PhD RD Karen M. Basen-Engquist PhD MPH Justin C. Brown PhD Kerry S. Courneya PhD Tracy E. Crane PhD RDN David O. Garcia PhD FACSM Barbara L. Grant MS RDN CSO FAND Kathryn K. Hamilton MA RDN CSO CDN FAND Sheri J. Hartman PhD Stacey A. Kenfield ScD Maria Elena Martinez PhD Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt MD MPH Larissa Nekhlyudov MD MPH Linda Overholser MD Alpa V. Patel PhD Bernardine M. Pinto PhD Mary E. Platek PhD RD CDN Erika Rees-Punia PhD MPH Colleen K. Spees PhD MEd RD LD FAND Susan M. Gapstur PhD Marjorie L. McCullough ScD RD 《CA: a cancer journal for clinicians》2022,72(3):230-262
The overall 5-year relative survival rate for all cancers combined is now 68%, and there are over 16.9 million survivors in the United States. Evidence from laboratory and observational studies suggests that factors such as diet, physical activity, and obesity may affect risk for recurrence and overall survival after a cancer diagnosis. The purpose of this American Cancer Society guideline is to provide evidence-based, cancer-specific recommendations for anthropometric parameters, physical activity, diet, and alcohol intake for reducing recurrence and cancer-specific and overall mortality. The audiences for this guideline are health care providers caring for cancer survivors as well as cancer survivors and their families. The guideline is intended to serve as a resource for informing American Cancer Society programs, health policy, and the media. Sources of evidence that form the basis of this guideline are systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses, pooled analyses of cohort studies, and large randomized clinical trials published since 2012. Recommendations for nutrition and physical activity during cancer treatment, informed by current practice, large cancer care organizations, and reviews of other expert bodies, are also presented. To provide additional context for the guidelines, the authors also include information on the relationship between health-related behaviors and comorbidities, long-term sequelae and patient-reported outcomes, and health disparities, with attention to enabling survivors' ability to adhere to recommendations. Approaches to meet survivors' needs are addressed as well as clinical care coordination and resources for nutrition and physical activity counseling after a cancer diagnosis. 相似文献
8.
L A Linnan J L Fava B Thompson K Emmons K Basen-Engquist C Probart M K Hunt J Heimendinger 《Health education research》1999,14(3):371-386
A participatory strategies approach which involves employees in the planning and delivery of worksite health promotion programs was utilized in the 55 experimental worksites included in the national, NCI-funded Working Well Trial. According to study protocol, Employee Advisory Boards (EABs) were organized in each experimental worksite. This paper describes two substudies designed to develop and measure participatory strategies associated with the EABs in the Working Well Trial. Study 1 determined characteristics of the EABs, developed subscales and assessed the internal consistency of the scales. Study 2 used a confirmatory factor analysis to examine the structure of the developed questionnaire. The four subscales include: Autonomy/Independence, Management Involvement, Institutionalization/Commitment and Others Involvement. Results from Study 1 indicate that the four subscales of the 24-item instrument demonstrated strong internal consistency and three were sensitive enough to register differences by Study Center at the baseline. Study 2 results found that the EAB subscales again demonstrated good internal consistency, structural stability and acceptable sensitivity. An initial validity analysis was performed and yielded results which supported some but not all of the hypothesized associations. Implications for further refinement and application of this new instrument in worksite settings are explored. 相似文献
9.
ABSTRACT: A statewide, cross-sectional survey was conducted among Texas secondary school teachers to determine the scope of HIV education provided and training needs. Among 269 participants, 199 (75%) taught HIV education. Investigator developed scales measured instructional emphasis, preparation adequacy, desire for future training, comfort, instructional effectiveness, social support, and instructional barriers. Alpha levels indicated high levels of internal consistency on all scales. Considerable variations were noted in instructional emphasis among 18 content areas related to HIV education. Lessons were predominantly self-developed. Most teachers were self-taught with no formal training, relied primarily on traditional teacher-centered instructional methods, felt uncomfortable and ineffective using peer leaders and role plays, wanted additional training in all subject areas, and perceived others to be supportive. Comparisons between groups indicated middle school teachers spent less instructional time on HIV education, reported more instructional barriers, less support from district personnel, a poorer fit (coordination) of HIV education with other subjects, less adequate preparation, and less responsibility and effectiveness. High school teachers were more prone to want additional training. Differences in responses to individual scale items, major instructional barriers, and recommendations for teacher training are provided. 相似文献
10.
Coletta Adriana M. Agha Nadia H. Baker Forrest L. Niemiro Grace M. Mylabathula Preteesh L. Brewster Abenaa M. Bevers Therese B. Fuentes-Mattei Enrique Basen-Engquist Karen Gilchrist Susan C. Simpson Richard J. 《Breast cancer research and treatment》2021,187(2):407-416
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment - Preclinical evidence suggests that natural killer cell (NK-cell) function and myokines facilitate the protective effects of exercise for breast cancer... 相似文献