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排序方式: 共有158条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Muriel Feyssaguet Aurélie Bellanger Florence Nozay Damien Friel Estelle Merck Vincent Verlant Michel Malevé Stéphane Lallemand Abdelkarim El Moussaoui Polly De Gorguette DArgoeuves Tessa Jones David Goldblatt Sonia Schoonbroodt 《Vaccine》2019,37(16):2208-2215
Background
Two electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assays were developed which, together, can simultaneously measure serum antibodies against pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (PnPS) for 17 serotypes. The assays were validated for the 13 PnPS included in the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). As recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), we compared the ECL assays with the WHO reference enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and derived a threshold corresponding to the 0.35?µg/mL threshold established for the WHO reference ELISA for the non-inferiority comparison and licensure of new PCVs against invasive pneumococcal disease.Methods
A panel of 452 serum samples from children vaccinated with one of the three licensed PCVs was assessed with the ECL assays and the WHO reference ELISA. The ECL assay threshold for the aggregated seven PnPS included in the 7-valent PCV (PCV7) and serotype-specific thresholds were determined using a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve-based approach and Deming regression. To evaluate concordance between the ECL assays and the WHO reference ELISA, serostatus agreement rates between both assays and geometric means of the ratios (GMRs) of concentrations obtained with both assays were calculated.Results
The thresholds for the seven aggregated PCV7 serotypes obtained with the ROC curve-based approach and Deming regression approximated 0.35?µg/mL (0.38 and 0.34?µg/mL, respectively). Individual thresholds for the PCV13 serotypes ranged between 0.24 and 0.51?µg/mL across both approaches. Serostatus agreement rates using a 0.35?µg/mL threshold for both assays were ≥86.9% for all PCV13 serotypes. GMRs ranged between 0.85 and 1.25 for 11/13 serotypes and were <1.29 for the two remaining serotypes.Conclusion
The ECL assays were comparable to the WHO reference ELISA and offer a sensitive, time- and serum volume-saving method to quantify serotype-specific anti-PnPS antibodies in pediatric sera. A 0.35?µg/mL threshold will be used for each PCV13 serotype to assess PCV immunogenicity in clinical trials. 相似文献2.
Mohamed-Lemine Cheikh-brahim Ahmed Jorg Heukelbach Abdellahi Weddih Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf Mariem Sidatt Khattry Makhalla SidAhmed Dahdi Aly Cheybany Cheikh Ahmed Mohamed Val El-Mami Jacqueline E. Tate Umesh D. Parashar Mohammed Benhafid 《Vaccine》2019,37(11):1407-1411
Introduction
Rotavirus vaccine was introduced in Mauritania in December 2014. We investigated hospitalizations with diarrhea during pre and post-vaccination periods among children aged 0–5?years in Nouakchott, the capital of Mauritania.Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of hospital admission registries from November 1st 2012 through October 31th 2017 at all referral hospitals in Nouakchott. We described admissions of children aged 0–5?years by diagnosis, data of admission, age and sex, and compared the proportion of all childhood hospitalizations with diarrhea before and after rotavirus vaccine introduction.Results
In total, 6552 (19%) of all 34,329 hospitalizations in 0–5?year-olds had diarrhea. Of these, 3523/16,952 (20.7%) were recorded during the pre-vaccine period, 1373/6897 (19.9%) during the transition period (November 2014-October 2015), and 1656/10,480 (15.8%) during the post-vaccination period. The proportion of all childhood hospitalizations with diarrhea during the pre-vaccine period was 22.6% among males and 18.7% among females. Approximately one third (32.3%) of hospitalizations with diarrhea occurred in children aged 6–11?months. During the post-vaccination period, the proportion of hospitalizations with diarrhea declined by 24%, and the highest reduction (74%) was observed in children aged 2 to 5?years (P?<?0.001).Conclusions
The proportion of childhood hospitalizations with diarrhea in Nouakchott was reduced by about one fourth after introduction of rotavirus vaccination in Mauritania, indicating a major impact for public health for children in the capital city. 相似文献3.
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Simvastatin is one of the most commonly prescribed CoA reductase inhibitors. The safety profile of this drug has been widely discussed in the medical and consumer advocacy communities. Like other statins, simvastatin can cause a serious and potentially life-threatening complication: rhabdomyolysis. We describe a case of simvastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis complicated by acute renal failure requiring urgent hemodialysis. The relative safety of simvastatin compared to other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and the conditions that can potentiate its toxicity are discussed. The clinical features of rhabdomyolysis, and subsequent acute renal failure, and their treatment modalities are presented. 相似文献
7.
Proteases elaborated by inflammatory cells in the heart would be expected to drive cardiac fibroblasts to proliferate, but protease-activated receptor (PAR) function in cardiac fibroblasts has never been considered. This study demonstrates that PAR-1 is the only known PAR family member functionally expressed by cardiac fibroblasts and that PAR-1 activation by thrombin leads to increased DNA synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts. The increase in DNA synthesis induced by PAR-1 substantially exceeds the effects of other G protein-coupled receptor agonists in this cell type. PAR-1 stimulates phosphoinositide hydrolysis and mobilizes intracellular calcium via pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive and PTX-insensitive pathways. Activation of PAR-1 leads to an increase in Src, Fyn, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phosphorylation, with EGFR receptor transactivation by Src family kinases the major mechanism for PAR-1-dependent activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase, and protein kinase B. Activation of PAR-1 also leads to an increase in DNA synthesis. PAR-1 signaling is highly contextual in nature, inasmuch as PAR-1 activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase and only weakly stimulates protein kinase B via a pathway that does not involve EGFR transactivation in cardiomyocytes. PAR-1 responses in cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes are predicted to contribute importantly to remodeling during cardiac injury and/or inflammation. 相似文献
8.
Neutrophils are thought to orchestrate myocardial remodeling during the early progression to cardiac failure through the release of reactive oxygen species, antimicrobial peptides, and proteases. Although neutrophil activation may be beneficial at early stages of disease, excessive neutrophil infiltration can induce cardiomyocyte death and tissue damage. The neutrophil-derived serine protease cathepsin G (Cat.G) has been shown to induce neonatal rat cardiomyocyte detachment and apoptosis by anoikis. However, the involved signaling mechanisms for Cat.G are not well understood. This study identifies epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation as a mechanism whereby Cat.G induces signaling in cardiomyocytes. Cat.G induced a rapid and transient increase in EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation, and inhibition of EGFR kinase activity, either with AG1478 or by expression of kinase inactive EGFR mutants (EGFR-CD533), markedly attenuated EGFR downstream signaling and myocyte anoikis induced by Cat.G. Consistent with this effect of EGFR, high level expression of wild-type EGFR was sufficient to promote myocyte apoptosis. We also found that matrix metalloproteinase-dependent membrane shedding of heparin-binding EGF was involved in Cat.G signaling and that membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase activation may constitute a potential target that entails matrix metalloproteinase activation induced by Cat.G. The paradoxical proapoptotic effect of EGFR appeared to be dependent on protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 (Src homology domain 2-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2) activation and focal adhesion kinase downregulation. These results show that Cat.G-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis involves an increase in EGFR-dependent activation of SHP2 that promotes focal adhesion kinase dephosphorylation and subsequent cardiomyocyte anoikis. 相似文献
9.
Maysaa Khattab Yousef S. Khader Abdelkarim Al-Khawaldeh Kamel Ajlouni 《Journal of diabetes and its complications》2010,24(2):84-89
ObjectivesDetermine factors associated with poor glycemic control among Jordanian patients with Type 2 diabetes.MethodsA systematic random sample of 917 patients was selected from all patients with Type 2 diabetes over a period of 6 months in 2008. A prestructured questionnaire sought information about sociodemographic, clinical characteristics, self-care management behaviours, medication adherence, barriers to adherence, and attitude towards diabetes. Weight, height, and waist circumferences were measured. All available last readings of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar measurements and lipid were abstracted from patients' records. Poor glycemic control was defined as HbA1c ≥7%.ResultsOf the total 917 patients, 65.1% had HbA1c ≥7%. In the multivariate analysis, increased duration of diabetes (>7 years vs. ≤7years) (OR=1.99, P≤.0005), not following eating plan as recommended by dietitians (OR=2.98, P≤.0005), negative attitude towards diabetes, and increased barriers to adherence scale scores were significantly associated with increased odds of poor glycemic control.ConclusionThe proportion of patients with poor glycemic control was high, which was nearly comparable to that reported from many countries. Longer duration of diabetes and not adherent to diabetes self-care management behaviors were associated with poor glycemic control. An educational program that emphasizes lifestyle modification with importance of adherence to treatment regimen would be of great benefit in glycemic control. 相似文献
10.
Hamida Jdir Bassem Khemakham Hanen Najjaa Mouna Chakroun Mourad Jridi Abdelkarim Ben Arfa 《Pharmaceutical biology》2016,54(10):2111-2118
Context The present study deals with new biological properties of the wild edible Diplotaxis simplex (Viv.) Spreng (Brassicaceae).Objectives The current study evaluates the antioxidant, the anti-inflammatory and the anti-cancer properties of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts from D. simplex flowers.Materials and methods The anti-proliferative activity of the extracts (10–70?μg/mL) was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) against human colon cancer cell line Caco-2. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated by the inhibitory effect of the extracts (1.5–7.5?mg/mL) on phospholipase A2 activity as well as on carrageenan-induced paw oedema in mice. Extracts (200?mg/kg) or indomethacin (50?mg/kg) as positive control were injected intraperitoneally for albino mice prior to the induction of the oedema by carrageenan. Antioxidant activities were investigated using various complementary methods.Results Flower extracts contained a high level of polyphenolics (17.10–52.70?mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (74.20–100.60?mg QE/g), which correlate with its appreciable antioxidant potential in β-carotene peroxidation (IC50 value: 12.50–27.10?μg/mL), DPPH? radical-scavenging (IC50 value: 0.20–0.40?mg/mL), Fe3+?reducing (EC50 value: 0.10–0.14?mg/mL) and Fe2+?chelating (IC50 value: 0.20–0.60?mg/mL) assays. These extracts were effective in inhibiting cancer cell growth (IC50 value: 62.0–63.25?μg/mL). Besides, the ethyl acetate extract inhibited phospholipase A2 activity (IC50 value: 2.97?mg/mL) and reduced the paw oedema in mice (from 0.38?±?0.01 to 0.24?±?0.01?cm), 4?h post-carrageenan challenge.Conclusion These data suggest that D. simplex may be useful as a candidate in the treatment of inflammation and the colon cancer. 相似文献