金元四大家治疗头痛特色探究

探讨金元四大家对头痛的病因病机、辨证施治及处方用药的认识。李东垣认为“脾胃内伤，百病由生”，治疗重在甘温健脾；朱丹溪认为“头痛多主于痰”，治疗注重理气化痰；张子和认为头痛多因邪气侵犯所致，治疗注重祛邪安内；刘完素认为火热是引起头痛的主要因素，治疗多用寒凉。     

梗阻性黄疸并发肝损伤机制研究概况

梗阻性黄疸(obstructive jaundice,OJ)是指排泄胆汁的胆道系统因机械性的阻塞,致使胆汁无法顺利排泄到肠道所引起的黄疸,是临床较常见的病理状态,它的出现导致了机体各系统器官的损害以及相应的病理生理改变,其中最主要的是肝脏损伤,也是其他并发症的重要诱因.     

Protective Effects of Radix Astragali Injection on Multiple Organs of Rats with Obstructive Jaundice

Objective: To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of Radix Astragali Injection on multiple organs of rats with obstructive jaundice(OJ). Methods: A total of 180 rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated, model control and treated groups(60 in each group). On 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after operation, the serum contents of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), r-glutamyl transpeptidase(r-GT), total bilirubin(TBil), direct bilirubin(DBil), blood urine nitrogen(BUN), and creatinine(CREA) were determined. And the pathological changes of livers, kidneys and lungs, and protein expressions of toll-like receptor-4(TLR-4) of livers, intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) of lungs, Bax and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB), as well as apoptotic indexes of multiple organs were observed, respectively. Results: The pathological severity scores of multiple organs(including livers on 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, kidneys on 14 and 28 days, and lungs on 14 days), serum contents of ALT(14 and 21 days), AST(14 days), TBil(7, 14, 21 and 28 days), DBil(14 and 21 days), BUN(28 days), protein expressions of TLR-4(in livers, 28 days), Bax(in livers and kidneys, 21 days), and apoptotic indexes in livers(7 and 21 days) in the treated group were significantly lower than those in the model control group(P0.05 or P0.01). Conclusion: Radix Astragali Injection exerts protective effects on multiple organs of OJ rats by improving the pathological changes of lung, liver and kidney, decreasing the serum index of hepatic and renal function as well as inhibiting the protein expression of TLR-4 and Bax in the livers and Bax in the kidneys.     

特发性肺间质纤维化的中医治疗现状

探讨了特发性肺纤维化的中医病因病机,认为外邪侵袭、肺肾亏虚为其病因,痰瘀凝结、肺络痹阻为其主要病机。其病位在肺,但与牌、肾、肝、心等脏息息相关。目前主要分为急性加重期、慢性迁延期和重症多变期,以益肺肾、化疾瘀、通肺络为其治疗总则,简要介绍了各期的常用方药。     

肺泡表面活性蛋白A的研究及其在ALI/ARDS中的作用机制

急性呼吸窘迫综合征/急性肺损伤(ARDs/ALI)均为急性呼吸衰竭,炎症介质的失衡是其发生、发展的关键环节,目前其死亡率仍高达25.5%～58%.肺表面活性物质(pulmonary surfactant,PS)是维持肺表面张力的必要成分,近期研究发现[1],其主要成分肺表面活性蛋白A(SP-A)在ALI/ARDS的炎症及免疫调节中有着举足轻重的地位,本文作者就SP-A的研究现状及其在ALI/ARDS中的作用机制作一综述,为ALI/ARDS治疗提供新的思路.     

梗阻性黄疸并发急性肾衰竭机制的研究概况

梗阻性黄疸(obstructive jaundice,OJ)是一种主要由胆道结石、胆管狭窄、胆管癌、壶腹周围癌等引起的临床征象.     

金元四大家对喉痹的辨证论治

通过论述金元四大家对喉痹的不同论治特色来探究古代中医对喉痹的认识与治疗,并通过探讨金元四大家对喉痹的病因、病机及临床治疗方面提出的新理论与经验来指导现阶段耳鼻喉科中医生的临床。为中医治疗喉痹的发展提供进一步的理论参考依据。