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Maintenance and progression of pregnancy is an intricate process governed by a variety of developmental cues. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a complication experienced by expecting mothers that is defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses. This review focuses on the dysfunctions of the immune system as one of the key contributors towards RPL. The current data suggests that the alloimmune and autoimmune factors contribute to the loss of fetus. Such causes despite being recognized as a definitive reason for recurrent pregnancy loss, are still under extensive investigation with new parameters being discovered and scrutinized for their association with RPLs. More in-depth and high throughput studies are required for devising better diagnostic tools and management strategies for the affected female so that they can carry their pregnancy to term.  相似文献   
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BackgroundHigh-risk coronary atherosclerosis features evaluated coronary CT angiography (CCTA) were suggested to have a prognostic role. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of circulating biomarkers with high-risk plaque features assessed by CCTA.MethodsA consecutive cohort of subjects who underwent CCTA because of suspected CAD was screened for inclusion in the CAPIRE study. Based on risk factors (RF) burden patients were defined as having a low clinical risk (0–1 RF with the exclusion of patients with diabetes mellitus as single RF) or an high clinical risk (≥3 RFs). In all patients, measurement of inflammatory biomarkers and CCTA analysis focused on high-risk plaque features were performed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between clinical and biological variables with CCTA advanced plaque features.Results528 patients were enrolled in CAPIRE study. Older age and male sex appeared to be predictors of qualitative high-risk plaque features and associated with the presence of elevated total, non-calcified and low-attenuation plaque volume. Among circulating biomarkers only hs-CRP was found to be associated with qualitative high-risk plaque features (OR 2.02, p = 0.004 and 2.02, p = 0.012 for LAP and RI > 1.1, respectively) with borderline association with LAP-Vol (OR 1.52, p = 0.076); HbA1c and PTX-3 resulted to be significantly associated with quantitative high-risk plaque features (OR 1.71, p = 0.003 and 1.04, p = 0.002 for LAP-Vol, respectively).ConclusionsOur results support the association between inflammatory biomarkers (hs-CRP, PTX- 3), HbA1c and high-risk atherosclerotic features detected by CCTA. Male sex and older age are significant predictors of high-risk atherosclerosis.  相似文献   
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The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) findings suggesting a suspected left-dominant arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (LDAC) may be difficult to...  相似文献   
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Partial differential equations (PDEs) play a dominant role in the mathematical modeling of many complex dynamical processes. Solving these PDEs often requires prohibitively high computational costs, especially when multiple evaluations must be made for different parameters or conditions. After training, neural operators can provide PDEs solutions significantly faster than traditional PDE solvers. In this work, invariance properties and computational complexity of two neural operators are examined for transport PDE of a scalar quantity. Neural operator based on graph kernel network (GKN) operates on graph-structured data to incorporate nonlocal dependencies. Here we propose a modified formulation of GKN to achieve frame invariance. Vector cloud neural network (VCNN) is an alternate neural operator with embedded frame invariance which operates on point cloud data. GKN-based neural operator demonstrates slightly better predictive performance compared to VCNN. However, GKN requires an excessively high computational cost that increases quadratically with the increasing number of discretized objects as compared to a linear increase for VCNN.  相似文献   
6.
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to retrospectively examine trends in percutaneous exposure incidences (PEIs) at the School of Dentistry (SoD) from 2009 to 2019 and to report on the underreporting rate of PEIs, current attitudes, and awareness of PEI safety protocols from clinical staff and students at the SoD in 2019.MethodsRetrospective data were collected from deidentified archival incident reports from 2009 to 2019 from the SoD's incident reporting system (UQSafe and Legacy Database). Additionally, cross-sectional data were collected via the validated Percutaneous Exposure Incident Questionnaires (PEIQ) completed by clinical staff and students of the SoD in 2019.ResultsFrom the archival data, the majority (79.9%) of the 618 reported PEIs involved students. Local anaesthetic-related procedures were the most common cause in the archival (31.5%) and survey data (23.7%), whereas the needle-prick was the most common causative instrument in both data sets. Additionally, the finger was the most common site of injury found in the archival (53.0%) and survey data (52.8%). From 345 responses to the survey, 42.1% of PEIs sustained were not reported.ConclusionsStudents were at a higher risk of sustaining a PEI than staff members between 2009 and 2019. The reported knowledge on PEI classification and preventative measures is inadequate, suggesting that further PEI education is necessary. The study provides evidence of the trends in PEIs as well as data on the attitudes and awareness of student and staff at a dental teaching faculty to support the development of PEI safety management protocols.  相似文献   
7.
Diabetes has been classified mainly into types 1 and 2. Some type 2 diabetes patients, when developing ketosis, have been labeled as having atypical diabetes. Lately, syndromes of ketosis-prone diabetes, primarily in patients who we previously classified as type 2 diabetics, have emerged, and calls are being made to even reclassify diabetes. This mini-review will extensively deal with the historical, molecular, phenotypical, and clinical basis of why ketosis-prone diabetes is different than the traditional principles of type 1 and 2 diabetes and should be classified as such. Clinicians, especially those who are not diabetologists or endocrinologists, as well as hospitalists, intensivists, and primary care providers, will greatly benefit from this review.  相似文献   
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ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the correlation between different haptoglobin (Hp) phenotypes and myocardial infarction characteristics as detected by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in consecutive patients after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).BackgroundHp is a plasma protein that prevents iron-mediated oxidative tissue damage. CMR has emerged as the gold standard technique to detect left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), extent of scar with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) technique, microvascular obstruction (MVO), and myocardial hemorrhage (MH) in patients with STEMI treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).MethodsA total of 145 consecutive STEMI patients (mean age 62.2 ± 10.3 years; 78% men) were prospectively enrolled and underwent Hp phenotyping and CMR assessment within 1 week after STEMI.ResultsCMR showed an area at risk (AAR) involving 26.6 ± 19.1% of left ventricular (LV) mass with a late LGE extent of 15.2 ± 13.1% of LV mass. MVO and MH occurred in 38 (26%) and 12 (8%) patients, respectively. Hp phenotypes 1-1, 2-1, 2-2 were observed in 15 (10%), 62 (43%), and 68 (47%), respectively. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that body mass index, Hp2-2, diabetes, and peak troponin I were independent predictors of MVO with Hp2-2 associated with the highest odds ratio (OR) (OR: 5.5 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.1 to 14.3; p < 0.001]). Hp2-2 significantly predicted both the presence (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.63 [95% CI: 0.53 to 0.72; p = 0.008]) and extent of MVO (AUC: 0.63 [95% CI: 0.54 to 0.72; p = 0.007]).ConclusionsHp phenotype is an independent predictor of MVO. Therefore, Hp phenotyping could be used for risk stratification and may be useful in assessing new therapies to reduce myocardial reperfusion injury in patients with STEMI.  相似文献   
10.
A series of N-(5-(alkylthio)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamides 6a–i were synthesized as alkaline phosphatase inhibitors. The intermediate 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione 4 was synthesized starting with hippuric acid. Hippuric acid in the first step was converted into corresponding methyl ester 2 which upon reaction with hydrazine hydrate furnished the formation of hydrazide 3 . The hippuric acid hydrazide was then cyclized into 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione 4 . The intermediate 4 was then reacted with alkyl or aryl halides 5a–5i to afford the title compounds N-(5-(methylthio)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamides 6a–i . The bioassay results showed that compounds 6a–i exhibited good to excellent alkaline phosphatase inhibitory activity. The most potent activity was exhibited by the compound 6i having IC50 value 0.420 μM, whereas IC50 value of standard (KH2PO4) was 2.80 μM. Molecular docking studies was performed against alkaline phosphatase enzyme (PDBID 1EW2) to check binding affinity of the synthesized compounds 6a–i against target protein. The docking results showed that three compounds 6c , 6e , and 6i have maximum binding interactions with binding energy values of −8 kcal/mol. The compound 6i displayed the interactions of oxadiazole ring nitrogen with amino acid His265 having a binding distance 2.13 Ǻ. It was concluded from our results that synthesized compounds, especially compound 6i may serve as lead structure to design more potent inhibitors of human alkaline phosphatase.  相似文献   
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