全文获取类型
收费全文 | 211篇 |
免费 | 8篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
儿科学 | 34篇 |
妇产科学 | 11篇 |
基础医学 | 10篇 |
口腔科学 | 5篇 |
临床医学 | 25篇 |
内科学 | 26篇 |
皮肤病学 | 4篇 |
神经病学 | 4篇 |
特种医学 | 46篇 |
外科学 | 2篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 13篇 |
眼科学 | 4篇 |
药学 | 16篇 |
中国医学 | 21篇 |
肿瘤学 | 4篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 5篇 |
2014年 | 6篇 |
2013年 | 4篇 |
2012年 | 5篇 |
2011年 | 5篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 8篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 14篇 |
2006年 | 6篇 |
2005年 | 4篇 |
2004年 | 5篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 16篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1954年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有226条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
目的:大黄素对白细胞介素1β诱导NRK52E细胞转分化有显著抑制作用。实验拟进一步观察转化生长因子β1在白细胞介素1β诱导大鼠肾小管上皮细胞-肌成纤维细胞转分化及大黄素抑制作用中的意义。方法:实验于2006-10/2007-05在泸州医学院附属医院免疫实验室完成。⑴实验材料及分组:以培养的大鼠肾小管上皮细胞株(NRK52E)为观察对象,按如下分组分别添加不同处理因素:①对照组:仅加入体积分数为0.05小牛血清的高糖DMEM培养基。②白细胞介素1β诱导组:加含白细胞介素1β终浓度为10μg/L的高糖DMEM培养基。③SB431542阻断组:加含白细胞介素1β终浓度为10μg/L及SB431542终浓度为10μmol/L的高糖DMEM培养基。④白细胞介素1β 大黄素组:同时加分别含白细胞介素1β终浓度为10μg/L及大黄素终浓度为25mg/L的高糖DMEM培养基。⑵实验评估:培养48h后用倒置相差显微镜观察细胞形态,细胞免疫化学染色法检测肌酸激酶、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白及转化生长因子β1的表达。结果:①白细胞介素1β可诱导部分细胞由卵圆形转变为梭形,且肌酸激酶表达减弱(P<0.01),α-平滑肌肌动蛋白及转化生长因子β1表达显著增强(P<0.01)。②SB431542特异性抑制转化生长因子β1作用后,白细胞介素1β诱导的细胞形态改变受抑,同时肌酸激酶表达增强(P<0.01),α-平滑肌肌动蛋白表达减弱(P<0.01),但转化生长因子β1的表达却无明显变化。③大黄素对白细胞介素1β诱导的细胞形态改变及肌酸激酶、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白的表达有明显抑制作用,其抑制作用与SB431542的作用相比无显著差异;同时,大黄素对白细胞介素1β诱导的转化生长因子β1的表达也有明显抑制作用(P<0.01)。结论:转化生长因子β1可能介导了白细胞介素1β诱导大鼠肾小管上皮细胞-肌成纤维细胞转分化,并参与了大黄素抑制白细胞介素1β诱导大鼠肾小管上皮细胞转分化的作用。 相似文献
2.
JJ Korelitz ; AE Williams ; MP Busch ; TF Zuck ; HE Ownby ; LJ Matijas ; DJ Wright 《Transfusion》1994,34(10):870-876
BACKGROUND: Most blood centers utilize a confidential unit exclusion (CUE) process, intended to reduce the risk of transfusion-associated infectious diseases by allowing high-risk donors confidentially to exclude their blood from use for transfusion. The effectiveness of this method remains controversial. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Confirmatory or supplemental test results for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus, human T-lymphotropic virus type I, and hepatitis C virus, as well as hepatitis B surface antigen and syphilis and screening test results for antibodies to hepatitis B core (antigen) and alanine aminotransferase levels were obtained for approximately 1.8 million units donated during 1991 and 1992 at five blood centers within the United States. The prevalences of these infectious disease markers in units that the donors confidentially excluded (CUE+) and units that the donors did not exclude (CUE-) were calculated and examined within demographic subgroups. RESULTS: Units that were CUE+ were 8 to 41 times more likely to be seropositive for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B surface antigen, and syphilis and three to four times more likely to react for antibody to hepatitis B core (antigen) or to have elevated alanine aminotransferase levels than units that were CUE- (p < 0.001). The positive predictive value of CUE (the percentage of CUE+ units that were confirmed seropositive for any marker) was 3.5 percent, and the sensitivity of CUE (the percentage of confirmed-seropositive units that were CUE+) was 2.3 percent. CONCLUSION: The current CUE process has low sensitivity and apparently low positive predictive value, and in many cases, it appeared that donors misunderstood it. Yet, CUE was not a “random process,” as CUE+ units were more likely to be seropositive for any infectious disease marker than CUE- units. This suggests that efforts to improve the CUE system may be warranted. As risk factors for transfusion-transmitted infection become more difficult to identify by history-based screening, however, such efforts may have limited effect. 相似文献
3.
组织工程细胞支架的免疫原性研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
目的:以组织工程血管脱细胞支架和仿生髓核组织工程细胞支架、周围神经去细胞神经基膜管为例,介绍组织工程脱细胞支架的免疫原性研究情况.
方法:应用计算机检索Medline 1997-01/2007-03关于免疫原性的文章.检索词“Immunotoxicology”并限定文章的语种类为English.同时利用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1997-01/2007-03的相关文章,限定文章语言种类为中文,检索词“组织工程,免疫原性”.
结果:主要组织相容性复合体Ⅰ免疫组织化学方法能够检测血管脱细胞支架的免疫原性;组织学观察及反转录-聚合酶链反应检测γ-干扰素、白细胞介素2、白细胞介素4、白细胞介素10 mRNA表达,可以反映仿生髓核组织工程支架的免疫原性;主要组织相容性复合体Ⅱ抗原可以反映出经过化学萃取后的去细胞预变性神经基膜血管结构保留较完整,免疫原性低.
结论:脱细胞可以极大地降低组织工程支架的免疫原性,从而使得组织工程产品有更广阔的使用前景. 相似文献
4.
Huma Saleem Stephen C Tovey Tedeusz F Molinski Colin W Taylor 《British journal of pharmacology》2014,171(13):3298-3312
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are intracellular Ca2+ channels. Interactions of the commonly used antagonists of IP3Rs with IP3R subtypes are poorly understood.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
IP3-evoked Ca2+ release from permeabilized DT40 cells stably expressing single subtypes of mammalian IP3R was measured using a luminal Ca2+ indicator. The effects of commonly used antagonists on IP3-evoked Ca2+ release and 3H-IP3 binding were characterized.KEY RESULTS
Functional analyses showed that heparin was a competitive antagonist of all IP3R subtypes with different affinities for each (IP3R3 > IP3R1 ≥ IP3R2). This sequence did not match the affinities for heparin binding to the isolated N-terminal from each IP3R subtype. 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) and high concentrations of caffeine selectively inhibited IP3R1 without affecting IP3 binding. Neither Xestospongin C nor Xestospongin D effectively inhibited IP3-evoked Ca2+ release via any IP3R subtype.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
Heparin competes with IP3, but its access to the IP3-binding core is substantially hindered by additional IP3R residues. These interactions may contribute to its modest selectivity for IP3R3. Practicable concentrations of caffeine and 2-APB inhibit only IP3R1. Xestospongins do not appear to be effective antagonists of IP3Rs. 相似文献5.
Eltit JM Bannister RA Moua O Altamirano F Hopkins PM Pessah IN Molinski TF López JR Beam KG Allen PD 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2012,109(20):7923-7928
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) susceptibility is a dominantly inherited disorder in which volatile anesthetics trigger aberrant Ca(2+) release in skeletal muscle and a potentially fatal rise in perioperative body temperature. Mutations causing MH susceptibility have been identified in two proteins critical for excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) and Ca(V)1.1, the principal subunit of the L-type Ca(2+) channel. All of the mutations that have been characterized previously augment EC coupling and/or increase the rate of L-type Ca(2+) entry. The Ca(V)1.1 mutation R174W associated with MH susceptibility occurs at the innermost basic residue of the IS4 voltage-sensing helix, a residue conserved among all Ca(V) channels [Carpenter D, et al. (2009) BMC Med Genet 10:104-115.]. To define the functional consequences of this mutation, we expressed it in dysgenic (Ca(V)1.1 null) myotubes. Unlike previously described MH-linked mutations in Ca(V)1.1, R174W ablated the L-type current and had no effect on EC coupling. Nonetheless, R174W increased sensitivity of Ca(2+) release to caffeine (used for MH diagnostic in vitro testing) and to volatile anesthetics. Moreover, in Ca(V)1.1 R174W-expressing myotubes, resting myoplasmic Ca(2+) levels were elevated, and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) stores were partially depleted, compared with myotubes expressing wild-type Ca(V)1.1. Our results indicate that Ca(V)1.1 functions not only to activate RyR1 during EC coupling, but also to suppress resting RyR1-mediated Ca(2+) leak from the SR, and that perturbation of Ca(V)1.1 negative regulation of RyR1 leak identifies a unique mechanism that can sensitize muscle cells to MH triggers. 相似文献
6.
JY Nagata TF Rocha‐Lima BP Gomes CC Ferraz AA Zaia FJ Souza‐Filho A De Jesus‐Soares 《Australian dental journal》2015,60(3):416-420
Immature avulsed teeth are not usually treated with pulp revascularization because of the possibility of complications. However, this therapy has shown success in the treatment of immature teeth with periapical lesions. This report describes the case of an immature replanted tooth that was successfully treated by pulp revascularization. An 8‐year‐old boy suffered avulsion on his maxillary left lateral incisor. The tooth showed incomplete root development and was replanted after 30 minutes. After diagnosis, revascularization therapy was performed by irrigating the root canal and applying a calcium hydroxide paste and 2% chlorhexidine gel for 21 days. In the second session, the intracanal dressing was removed and a blood clot was stimulated up to the cervical third of the root canal. Mineral trioxide aggregate was placed as a cervical barrier at the entrance of the root canal and the crown was restored. During the follow‐up period, periapical repair, apical closure and calcification in the apical 4 mm of the root canal was observed. An avulsed immature tooth replanted after a brief extra‐alveolar period and maintained in a viable storage medium may be treated with revascularization. 相似文献
7.
8.
James TF Lai John DC Dereix Ravi P Ganepola Peter G Nightingale Kiera A Markey Paul N Aveyard Alexandra J Sinclair 《The journal of headache and pain》2014,15(1):10
Background
Medication-overuse headache (MOH) is caused by the regular use of medications to treat headache. There has been a lack of research into awareness of MOH. We distributed an electronic survey to undergraduate students and their contacts via social networking sites. Analgesic use, awareness of MOH, perceived change in behaviour following educational intervention about the risks of MOH and preferred terminology for MOH was evaluated.Findings
485 respondents completed the questionnaire (41% having received healthcare training). 77% were unaware of the possibility of MOH resulting from regular analgesic use for headache. Following education about MOH, 80% stated they would reduce analgesic consumption or seek medical advice. 83% indicated that over the counter analgesia should carry a warning of MOH. The preferred terminology for MOH was painkiller-induced headache.Conclusions
This study highlights the lack of awareness of MOH. Improved education about MOH and informative packaging of analgesics, highlighting the risks in preferred lay terminology (i.e. painkiller-induced headache), may reduce this iatrogenic morbidity and warrants further evaluation. 相似文献9.
10.
The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) has several well defined important biologic activities. Platelet-derived growth factor is the major mitogen in human serum for cells of mesenchymal origins; it is a potent chemoattractant protein for human monocytes, neutrophils, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells; and has been implicated in transformation by simian sarcoma virus and perhaps in transformation by other agents as well. In this article, PDGF has been shown to stimulate activation of human peripheral blood neutrophils defined by loss of membrane associated calcium as reflected by loss of chlortetracycline fluorescence, release of superoxide anion and specific granule enzymes, and enhanced neutrophil adherence and aggregation. These responses occurred in a dose-dependent fashion at concentrations of PDGF between 10 ng/mL (0.4 nmol/L) and 40 ng/mL (1.5 nmol/L) and were comparable to effects obtained with optimal concentrations of fMLP and C5a. Degranulation induced by PDGF was selective for secondary (specific) granules and not primary (azurophil) granules. Platelet-derived growth factor thus is ideally suited for a pivotal role in attracting inflammatory cells locally and initiating neutrophil activation at sites of blood vessel injury. Platelet-derived growth factor or a closely related protein also may play an important role in attracting and activating neutrophils in association with inflammatory tumors. 相似文献