上海市某社区小学生近视状况及相关因素分析

【目的】了解上海市闵行区小学生近视状况及相关因素分析。【方法】选取2019年1月1日至12月31日期间参加屈光筛查的11 356名6~10岁小学生作为本次研究的对象,调查项目包括视力检查和电脑验光。【结果】6~10岁社区小学生近视检出率45.59%。女性高于男性,6~10岁检出率分别为22.88%、31.77%、47.62%、60.53%、69.84%,呈线性趋势(χ²=1.31,P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄、父母近视状态是社区小学生屈光近视的影响因素;出生体重、是否早产、体重指数(BMI)对社区小学生屈光近视无影响。【结论】社区儿童青少年屈光近视的检出率较高,且不同人群特征检出情况有所差异,因此需针对不同年龄段、不同学生特征儿童青少年采取综合施策优先,重点人群重点防控的多层次防控策略。     

New era of research on cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids

Cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids have been used as markers for diagnosis and targets for immunotherapy of malignant tumors. Recent progress in the analysis of their implications in the malignant properties of cancer cells revealed that cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids are not only tumor markers, but also functional molecules regulating various signals introduced by membrane microdomains, lipid rafts. In particular, a novel approach, enzyme‐mediated activation of radical sources combined with mass spectrometry, has enabled us to clarify the mechanisms by which cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids regulate cell signals based on the interaction with membrane molecules and formation of molecular complexes on the cell surface. Novel findings obtained from these approaches are now providing us with insights into the development of new anticancer therapies targeting membrane molecular complexes consisting of cancer‐associated glycolipids and their associated membrane molecules. Thus, a new era of cancer‐associated glycosphingolipids has now begun.     

氯氮平片辅助治疗PD合并精神障碍患者的有效性及不良反应研究

目的:对氯氮平片在帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)合并精神障碍辅助治疗中的应用价值予以探讨。方法:选取50例我院2013年1月1日—2019年6月30日接诊的PD合并精神障碍患者进行研究,按照随机数表法分为对照组和观察组。对照组用多巴丝肼,观察组联合氯氮平片,对比治疗效果。结果:观察组疾病治疗总有效率96.00%(24/25)高于对照组68.00%(17/25),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不良反应发生率8.00%(2/25)与对照组20.00%(5/25)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组UPDRD评分、VGI-S评分和BPRS评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:氯氮平片辅助治疗PD合并精神障碍患者,既可提高临床疗效,也不会增加用药后不良反应,安全性高,值得推广。     

地黄不同炮制品薄层色谱鉴别方法的建立

目的:建立地黄不同炮制品的薄层色谱鉴别方法。方法:以D-果糖、梓醇、蔗糖、棉子糖、水苏糖、蜜二糖及甘露三糖为对照品,考察提取溶剂(水,20%甲醇,50%甲醇,80%甲醇),展开剂(正丁醇-甲醇-三氯甲烷-冰乙酸-水,乙酸乙酯-吡啶-冰乙酸-水,正丁醇-冰乙酸-水),显色剂(苯胺-二苯胺-磷酸溶液,茚三酮溶液),点样量(2,4,6μL),检视条件(日光,日光底部灯,365 nm和254 nm)对薄层色谱分析的影响,确定生地黄及熟地黄饮片的供试品溶液制备方法和最佳薄层色谱条件。结果:采用薄层色谱高效硅胶G板,以正丁醇-甲醇-三氯甲烷-冰乙酸-水(13∶5∶5∶1∶2)为展开剂展开,喷以苯胺-二苯胺-磷酸溶液,110℃下加热显色,于日光底部灯下进行检视,所得地黄不同炮制品薄层色谱分离效果和显色效果较佳,斑点清晰且特征性好。结论:该薄层色谱鉴别方法操作简便易行,定性特征明显、结果直观,可有效鉴别地黄不同炮制品,并可为熟地黄的炮制终点确定提供实验依据。     

儿童睡眠障碍性疾病的研究进展

儿童睡眠是一个重要且动态的过程,影响着健康和发展的许多方面,目前由于电子设备的长时间使用、家庭关系的不和谐、看护人不良的睡眠习惯、哮喘病史、精神病史等多种因素导致儿童睡眠时间日益缩短,儿童面临发作性睡病、异态睡眠、周期性肢体运动障碍、不宁腿综合征等睡眠障碍问题。同时,睡眠质量与各个系统的疾病具有循环关系,故临床上应当重视儿童睡眠障碍的治疗与研究。     

Research progress on magnetic resonance imaging-guided proton therapy for tumors

With the application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided photon therapy, the concept of combining real-time MRI guidance with proton therapy, namely, MRI-guided proton therapy (MRPT), has attracted widespread attention. It is expected that MRPT canmitigate the uncertaintiesduring the treatment of proton therapy to make full use of the physical advantages of protons. However, multiple electromagnetic interactions between proton therapy and MRI-guided systems may lead to mutual interference between the two systems. This article review the research progress on the MRPT system, aiming to provide certain reference for the design of MRPT system.